A nation's policies with regard to children and families give a fairly direct reflection of its economic, social, and political structure. Economic, social, and political beliefs are translated into assumptions about the ideal relation of society to the family and the individual. The industrial, developed countries with their relatively high standard of living face an entirely different set of ...

‘Leapfrogging’ is the term used to describe development policies, and the processes of their implementation, that aim to move lesser developed societies to a higher stage of development without them transitioning through the spectrum of changes that have underpinned the development of industrialized societies. Information and communication technology (ICT) leapfrogging strategies have the poten...

in spite of sonic pessimistic attitudes towards methodology of economics, it has succeeded as a central theme in numerous books, refereed journals, international conferences and symposiums whose volume is increasing at an unprecedented rate. the proliferation of methodological literature also is accompanied by a proliferation of issues that concern: the goals of economics, realism of economics,...

after the collapse of the soviet :union: and the formation of a new world order, the nature of power changed from exclusively military to a combination of military, economic and political one; and consequently the new discourse of geo-economics emerged alongside the geo-politics. since then, most countries have tried to maximize their relative power positions in the international system by emph...

in almost all countries around the world (developed as well as developing countries) the public sector economics has been growing very rapidly and caused the share of government expenditures in gdp to rise over time. although in recent years, especially from the end of 1980, for different reasons especially privatization the trend of public sector growth has been slowed, but the factors behindt...

When designing a contest to motivate effort by salespeople, service employees, franchisees or product development teams, one of the key questions faced by managers is: What should be the optimal proportion of winners and losers? Prevailing marketing theory predicts that the proportion of winners in a contest should always be lower than the proportion of losers. Not only has this theory not been...