1. Bacteriophage (phage) crude lysate of Gram-negative bacteria often contains bacterial debris, including lipopolysaccharides found in the outer membrane of the cell wall, which are potentially toxic. 2. In this study, an in vivo evaluation of the toxicity of a suspension of three phages to control pathogenic Escherichia coli strains in poultry was performed. 3. Eighteen commercial layers, 7 w...

The ability of Clostridium perfringens type C to cause human enteritis necroticans (EN) is attributed to beta toxin (CPB). However, many EN strains also express C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), suggesting that CPE could be another contributor to EN. Supporting this possibility, lysate supernatants from modified Duncan-Strong sporulation (MDS) medium cultures of three CPE-positive type C EN str...

PURPOSE There is growing interest in developing cellular immune therapies for glioblastoma multiforme, but little is known about tumor-specific T-cell responses. A glioblastoma multiforme-specific T-cell assay was developed using monocyte-derived dendritic cells to present tumor antigens from the established glioblastoma multiforme cell line U118. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Peripheral blood mononucl...

In the current study, we investigated whether anti-CD27 monoclonal antibody can enhance the antitumor efficacy of a dendritic cell-based vaccine in prostate cancer-bearing mice. The overall therapeutic effect of a dendritic cell-based vaccine for prostate cancer remains moderate. A prostate cancer model was established by subcutaneous injection of RM-1 tumor cells into male C57BL/6 mice on day ...

A coupled, cell-free system for the transcription and translation of reovirus mRNA was developed. Activated reovirions were incubated with reticulocyte lysate and an appropriate energy mix. Active transcription was obtained, but protein synthesis was inhibited after a short lag even by low concentrations of reovirions. This inhibition was abolished by the addition of the kinase inhibitor 2-amin...

To determine whether pathogenic Acanthamoeba culbertsoni trophozoites and lysate can induce cytopathic changes in primary-culture microglial cells, morphological changes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the secretion of two kinds of cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), from microglial cells was observed. Tropho...

Transit sequences of chloroplast-destined precursor proteins are phosphorylated on a serine or threonine residue. The amino acid motif around the phosphorylation site is related to the phosphopeptide binding motif for 14-3-3 proteins. Plant 14-3-3 proteins interact specifically with wheat germ lysate-synthesized chloroplast precursor proteins and require an intact phosphorylation motif within t...

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a zoonotic pathogen, a very slow growing bacterium which is difficult to isolate and passage in conventional laboratory culture. Although its association with Johne's disease or paratuberculosis of cattle is well established, it has been only putatively linked to Crohn's disease in humans. Further, MAP has been recently suggested to be a trig...

The choice of the tumor antigen preparation used for dendritic cell (DC) loading is important for optimizing DC vaccines. In the present study, we compared DCs pulsed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) total RNA or cell lysates for their capacity to activate T cells. We showed here that HCC total RNA pulsed-DCs induced effector T lymphocyte responses which showed higher killing ability to HCC ...

Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) phosphatase has been purified 840-fold to apparent homogeneity from rabbit reticulocyte lysate. Native eIF-2 phosphatase has a Mr = 98,000, pI = 6.1, s20,w = 5.1, and a Stokes radius = 38 A. A subunit composition of one 60,000-dalton polypeptide and one 38,000-dalton polypeptide is indicated. The Km for [32P]eIF-2 is 30 microM and the Vmax = 1.1 nmol of ph...