More than one third of the world’s irrigated areas suffer occasional or more frequent waterlogging (Donmann and Houston, 1967). Waterlogging has been shown to limit wheat yields in many regions of the world; an area estimated at 10 million ha is waterlogged each year in developing countries (Sayre et al., 1994). Waterlogging occurs when rainfall or irrigation water collects on the soil surface ...

Saline water resources are abundant in the coastal areas of south China. Most of these resources still have not been effectively utilized. A 3-year study on the effects of saline water irrigation on tomato yield, quality and blossom-end rot (BER) was conducted at different lower limits of soil matric potential (-10 kPa, -20 kPa, -30 kPa, -40 kPa and -50 kPa). Saline water differing in electrica...

Crop and irrigation water use efficiencies may be improved by managing irrigation application timing and volumes using physical and agronomic principles. However, the crop water requirement may be spatially variable due to different soil properties and genetic variations in the crop across the field. Adaptive control strategies can be used to locally control water applications in response to in...

Growing on rooting media other than soils in situ -i.e., substrate-based growing- allows for higher yields than soil-based growing as transport rates of water, nutrients, and oxygen in substrate surpass those in soil. Possibly water-based growing allows for even higher yields as transport rates of water and nutrients in water surpass those in substrate, even though the transport of oxygen may b...

In a desk study, nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates were studied and Nconcentrations at one meter depth or at the drain were estimated for Chrysanthemum grown in twelve greenhouse cropping systems, differing in soil type, supplemental lighting and transmissivity. Two N-saving strategies were also studied of which one estimated the N-concentration in the irrigation water to comply with th...

The spay under pressure is an effective save of water, this task should be automated and controlled in order to limit the waste of water and the facilities of damages. For this reason, it's necessary to find a mathematic model describing the irrigation process. In order to facilitate this step the fuzzy model of takagisegeno is the best approaches to the representation of nonlinear systems. Var...

We determined if frequency of application of irrigation water plus fertilizer in solution (fertigation) could modify root and shoot growth along with growth per unit nitrogen (N) and water uptake of seedlings of the citrus rootstock Swingle citrumelo growing in a greenhouse. In the first experiment, all plants received the same amount of water with sufficient fertilizer N but in three irrigatio...

Reclaimed water has emerged as a potential irrigation solution to freshwater shortages. However, limited data exist on the persistence of antibiotics in reclaimed water used for irrigation. Therefore, we examined the fate of nine commonly-used antibiotics (ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, linezolid, oxacillin, oxolinic acid, penicillin G, pipemidic acid, and tetracycline) in differentia...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to compare antimicrobial effect of irrigation with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) to saline in an animal model. METHODS This study used a segmental defect rat femur model contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus and treated 6 hours after injury with debridement and irrigation with 60 mL of fluid delivered at low pressure. In study groups of 10 animals e...