We discuss plausible locations of radiating regions in the magnetospheres of pulsars and argue that the mechanisms of pulsar radiation at different frequencies are closely connected with the locations of the radiating regions, especially in the radio range. If the region that is responsible for the bulk of the non-thermal radiation at some frequency is localized in the pulsar magnetosphere then...

Point of Sale (PoS) malware has been alarmingly successful over the past year and is estimated to have cost businesses billions of dollars. While PoS malware does not represent any major technical evolution, it suggests that cybercrime is shifting focus from the consumer to the retailer. Rather than relying on infecting relatively small groups of users with specific vulnerabilities who may cond...

An estimate of the benefits which would result from a ban on the sale of non-pasteurized milk in Scotland has been assessed by costing a recent outbreak of milk-borne salmonellosis in the Grampian Region. The cost of such a ban would not exceed the benefits under any but the most severe assumptions about the values attached to intangible benefits.

warranty as a kind of service contract today plays a role key in business and legal transactions. in this paper, we present a manufacturer, an agent and a customer's model under different service contracts suggestions. the manufacturer's profit is maximized by determining sale price, warranty period and warranty price. in addition we obtain optimal maintenance cost or repair cost for ...

This research reviews and tests two contradicting notions in cost stickiness literature by empirical recognition of the consequences of cost stickiness. Cost stickiness is consistent with both rational resource planning and opportunistic incentives of manager to increase personal benefits arising from status and power. Although both mechanisms involve asymmetric retention of slack, some of the ...

an unassuming entrance where once passed Alan Turing, Tommy Flowers, and the thousands of men and women who labored in secrecy. Collectively, they changed the outcome of World War II; individually, the contributions of a few laid the foundations of computing. Until recently, a strong possibility existed that Bletchley Park would be lost to modern development. Thanks to the efforts started by To...

multi-echelon inventory systems are one of the most important and attractive areas in modelling supply chain management so that several researches and studies have been done about. in this paper, the total cost function of a two-echelon inventory system with central warehouse and many identical retailers controlled by continuous review inventory policy is estimated. we have assumed the demand i...