Long-term care demographic and industry trends challenge provision of effective care and infection prevention. A systematic review was conducted to identify and evaluate cost estimates reported in the scientific literature of structure and processes intended to prevent infection among residents and staff of long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The small volume of publications regarding cost of in...

The need for long-term care (LTC) represents a “new social risk,” one that overlaps with and complements systems of care that pre-date such programs, complicating LTC program design. This commentary expands on Ikegami’s discussion of how these structural factors must be accommodated, as well as historical and cultural factors that influence public expectations of such a...

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a persistent increase in synaptic transmission that is thought to contribute to a variety of adaptive processes including learning and memory. Although learning is known to undergo circannual variations, it is not known whether LTP undergoes similar changes despite the importance of LTP in learning and memory. Here we report that synapses in the CNS of the medici...

background: patellar mal tracking is responsible for pain and disability in patellofemoral pain syndrome (pfps). patellar kinesio taping may have different effects on short and long term usage. the aim of this study is to compare the effect of short term and long term patellar kinesio taping in patellar position on women with patellofemoral pain syndrome using magnetic resonance imaging (mri). ...

objective: administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole along with scaling and root planning (srp) is an effective adjunctive therapy for chronic periodontitis. studies have shown that administration of azithromycin is also effective for treatment of chronic periodontitis. this study aimed to compare the effect of short-term and long-term azithromycin regimen with amoxicillin and metronidazo...

Repeated application of manures to agricultural soils could cause the accumulation of phosphorus (P) in soils. However, it is unclear if manure P can behave similar to P in soluble fertilizers in accumulation Olsen-P (0.5 mol L-1 NaHCO3 at pH 8.5) in soils. A long-term wheat-maize rotation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of repeated application of manures on P accumulation i...

Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. has been widely planted in subtropical China to meet increasing timber demands, leading to short-rotation practices that deplete soil nutrients. However, increased nitrogen (N) deposition offsets soil N depletion. While long-term experimental data investigating the coupled effects related to short rotation practices and increasing N deposition are scarce, a...

Rapid expansion in biomass production for biofuels and bioenergy in the Americas is increasing demand on the ecosystem resources required to sustain soil and site productivity. We review the current state of knowledge and highlight gaps in research on biogeochemical processes and ecosystem sustainability related to biomass production. Biomass production systems incrementally remove greater quan...

Musical instruments keep hobbyist musicians highly engaged for years. In this theoretical paper, we discuss qualities of musical instruments affording this long-term engagement, in the hopes that HCI developers will begin to design interfaces with these qualities. This will result in interfaces that users find more engaging in the long term. Such interfaces would be useful in many applications,...