The influence of thoracic extradural local anaesthetics (0.5% bupivacaine) or extradural morphine on the metabolic response to upper abdominal surgery was compared with the administration of morphine i.v. in the period after operation. The extradural local anaesthetic group had significantly lower blood glucose and plasma FFA concentrations and consistently, but not significantly, lower blood g...

The majority of immediate type adverse reactions to local anaesthetics seem to be non-IgE-mediated. We report a case of a 31-year-old woman, who developed conjunctivitis and conjunctival erythema immediately after intrauterine application of a local anaesthetic. Skin prick testing and intradermal testing were done with lidocaine, mepivacaine, and procaine. Intradermal testing showed positive re...

Although beneficial in acute and chronic pain management, the use of local anaesthetics is limited by its duration of action and the dose dependent adverse effects on the cardiac and central nervous system. Adjuvants or additives are often used with local anaesthetics for its synergistic effect by prolonging the duration of sensory-motor block and limiting the cumulative dose requirement of loc...

In vertebrates local anaesthetics lead to various learning deficits, depending on the site and time of injection. In this study we show the effects of the local anaesthetic procaine on learning and memory in an invertebrate, the honeybee. Reversible blocking of neuronal processes leads to different memory deficits depending on the time window during which the local anaesthesia is in effect.

The effects of local, i.v. and volatile anaesthetic agents on locomotion of human blood leucocytes were studied in vitro. Blood neutrohpils and monocytes and PHA-activated lymphocytes were allowed to migrate in filters towards standard chemotactic agents and the effect of adding anaesthetic agents to the system was measured. The results showed that locomotion of all cell types was depressed rev...

Interactions between steroids and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) have been studied in native membrane vesicles from Torpedo marmorata electric organ by electron spin resonance (ESR) and fluorescence techniques. ESR spectra of spin-labelled cholestane (CSL) revealed that this steroid probe was incorporated into the AChR-rich membrane vesicles in regions which were to a certain exten...

The acute intravenous toxicities of a selection of three potential long-acting local anaesthetics belonging to the series of2- phenoxyethyldialkylamine were determined in mice. Two of the compounds were tertiary amines and the third a quaternary ammonium derivative.The I.V. median lethal dose, (LDso) of one of the tertiary compounds, 21A [N, N- diethyl-2- (2,6- diisopropyl) ethyl amine hyd...