One of the well characterized cell biologic actions of lithium is the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and the consequent activation of canonical Wnt signaling. Because deficient Wnt signaling has been implicated in disorders of reduced bone mass, we tested whether lithium could improve bone mass in mice. We gavage-fed lithium chloride to 8-week-old mice from three different strains...

A combination of the methods described by Schultz et al. (6) and by Ussing and Zerahn (9) was used to measure directly the unidirectional uptake of sodium from the outside solution into the frog skin, under short-circuit conditions. The sodium uptake was determined at six sodium concentrations ranging from 3.4 to 114 mM. NaCl was replaced by choline chloride in the solutions bathing both sides ...

A kinetic study of the effect of added HMPA cosolvent on the reaction of 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane (1), bis(phenylthio)methyllithium (2), and bis(3,5-bistrifluoromethylphenylthio)methyllithium (3) with methyloxirane (propylene oxide), N-tosyl-2-methylaziridine, and the several alkyl halides (BuCl, BuBr, BuI, allyl chloride) was carried out. Widely varied rate effects of HMPA on these SN2 substituti...

Lithium chloride is frequently a by-product of reactions w here organolithium com pounds or o ther reagents prepared by deprotonation with butyl-lithium are em ployed in syntheses. Extensive investigations in the structural chemistry of com ­ plexes of lithium salts were carried out and the results have recently been compiled in a review by Snaith and W right [1]. The structures adopted by aggr...

Recent evidence suggests that rewarding and aversive stimuli affect the same brain areas, including medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Although nucleus accumbens is known to respond to salient stimuli, regardless of their hedonic valence, with selective increased dopamine release, little is known about the role of prefrontal cortex in reward- and aversion-related motivation or abou...

Identification of 12 strains originally characterized as nonpathogenic Listeria monocytogenes was reassured following the evaluation of their hemolytic capability with a newly developed horse blood agar plate. Seven of the strains were observed consistently to be hemolytic and confirmed as L. monocytogenes with the use of two commercial systems: the Gene-Trak L. monocytogenes-specific colorimet...

In this work, separation of cobalt(II) over lithium(I) ions from aqueous chloride solutions by synergistic solvent extraction (SX) has been studied. A synergistic mixture of commercial extractants such as bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) in kerosene was used as a selective extractant. The investigations were first performed to select optimal co...

MALDI-MS using colloidal graphite matrix doped with lithium chloride for the successful analysis of low molecular weight polymers.