Carbonylation gets a phase lift: The usual liquid-phase, high-pressure processes for carbonylating formaldehydes are avoided in a novel vapor-phase reaction. Using an acid zeolite (Faujasite) at near-atmospheric pressure dimethoxymethane (DMM; the dimethyl acetal of formaldehyde; see scheme) is carbonylated to produce methyl methoxyacetate (MMAc). This approach provides a new route to ethylene ...

A study of high-pressure bubble growth within liquid droplets heated to their limits of superheat is reported. Droplets of an organic liquid (n-octane) were heated in an immiscible nonvolatile field liquid (glycerine) until they began to boil. High-speed cine photography was used for recording the qualitative aspects of boiling intensity and for obtaining some basic bubble growth data which hav...

Fig. 1. Behavior of condensates on smooth surfaces and within pores. The surface wettability determines the contact angle θ and the curvature of a liquid condensate on a smooth surface (A) and within a pore (B), where θ and the pore diameter strongly affect the liquid’s vapor pressure (C), here for the case of liquid water. Capillary condensation of a liquid (red) and subsequent crystal (green)...

the thermodynamic properties of fluids can be predicted using the global equations of state. among these thermodynamic properties of fluids, we choose the densities of the liquid and vapor phases. this paper considers the application of the crossover model to the vapor-liquid rectilinear diameter of sulfurhexafluoride. we also present a comparison of the crossover model equation with the experi...

A numerical moving boundary model has been developed to examine transient heat transfer and vapor-liquid displacement in impulse drying. The model, MIPPS, uses implicit, finitedifference forms of the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations adapted for porous media. Predictions of water displacement, heat flux, and vapor pressure generation appear to be reasonable in light of available...

High pressure vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of CO2-expanded organic solvents is investigated using Peng-Robinson-LCVM-UNIFAC equation of state. Bubble pressure of ten ternary mixtures is predicted using this mixing rule and correlations are developed based only on binary experimental data. Due to the lack of experimental data for liquid phase density in the literature, it was necessary to perf...

In this paper, vapor pressure for pure compounds is estimated using the Artificial Neural Networks and a simple Group Contribution Method (ANN–GCM). For model comprehensiveness, materials were chosen from various families. Most of materials are from 12 families. Vapor pressure data of 100 compounds is used to train, validate and test the ANN-GCM model. Va...

Between 0.65 K and 3.2 K, the temperature dependence of the vapor pressure P of 3He is defined by the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90). However, the ITS-90 vapor pressure equation was not designed to be consistent with the scaling law required for the second temperature derivative of the vapor pressure in the vicinity of the liquid-vapor critical point. In this paper, two scalin...