Surfactant synthesis is critically dependent on the availability of fatty acids. One fatty acid source may be circulating triglycerides that are transported in VLDL, and hydrolyzed to free fatty acids by lipoprotein lipase (LPL). To evaluate this hypothesis, we incubated immortalized or primary rat alveolar pre-type II epithelial cells with VLDL. The cells were observed to surface bind, interna...

BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. In PE, the physiological hyperlipidaemia of pregnancy is exaggerated. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and endothelial lipase (EL) in pregnancies complicated by PE. METHODS Placenta...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the impact of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene mutations on apolipoprotein B (apoB)-100 metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 3 subjects with familial LPL deficiency; 14 subjects heterozygous for the LPL gene mutations Gly188Glu, Trp64Stop, and Ile194Thr; and 10 control subjects. Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and low-d...

The naturally occurring human lipoprotein lipase S447X variant (LPL) exemplifies a gain-of function mutation with significant benefits including decreased plasma triglycerides (TG), increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and reduced risk of coronary artery disease. The S447X variant may be associated with higher LPL catalytic activity; however, in vitro data supporting this hypot...

MALLOV, SAMUEL, AND ADAWIA A. ALOUSI. Effect of altered cardiac metabolism and work on lipoprotein lipase activity in heart. Am. J. Physiol. 2 I 2 (5) : I I 58-1 I 64. I g67.-Increased cardiac metabolism and/or work were induced in rats by: a) chronic administration of 2 ,4-dinitrophenol, b) aortic constriction, and c) production of hypertension with deoxicorticosterone (DCA) and salt. Decrease...

The localization of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in human atherosclerotic lesions was studied with immunocytochemical techniques. In the fibrous cap and surrounding intima of the plaque, where the smooth muscle cell is the dominating cell type, a high number of cells reacted with anti-LPL. A much lower number of stained cells was seen in the central lipid core region where the macrophages dominate....

Although very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor (VLDLr) knockout mice have been reported to have no lipoprotein abnormalities, they develop less adipose tissue than control mice when fed a high calorie diet. Mice that are deficient in adipose tissue expression of lipoprotein lipase (LpL) also have less fat, but only when crossed with ob/ob mice. We hypothesized that the VLDLr, a protein t...

For low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles to be atherogenic, increasing evidence indicates that their residence time in the arterial intima must be sufficient to allow their modification into forms capable of triggering extracellular and intracellular lipid accumulation. Recent reports have confirmed the longstanding hypothesis that the major determinant(s) of initial LDL retention in the pre...

The lipase superfamily includes three vertebrate and three invertebrate (dipteran) proteins that show significant amino acid sequence similarity to one another. The vertebrate proteins are lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL), and pancreatic lipase (PL). The dipteran proteins are Drosophila yolk proteins 1, 2, and 3. We review the relationships among these proteins that have been estab...

A baby girl, born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery with birth weight 3.845kg, was admitted for neonatal jaundice on day 2 of life. Her mother had maternal gestational diabetes on diet control. Her father was newly diagnosed with hyperlipidaemia on health screen and was put on diet control. There was no consanguinity. Her serum bilirubin level on admission was 186mmol/L with normal liver f...