Calculations of the number of curves on a Calabi-Yau manifold via an instanton expansion do not always agree with what one would expect naively. It is explained how to account for continuous families of instantons via deformation theory and excess intersection theory. The essential role played by degenerate instantons is also explained.

Dialectometric techniques analyze linguistic variation quantitatively, allowing one to aggregate over what are frequently rebarbative geographic patterns of individual linguistic variants, such as which word is used for a particular concept in a language area, or which sounds are used in particular words. This leads to general formulations of the relation between linguistic variation and explan...

Many decision problems are under uncertain environments with vague and imprecise information using multi-granularity linguistic variables. In this paper, we describe the linguistic hierarchical structure in a different way. The suitable numerical scales are given with the purpose of making transformation between multi-granularity linguistic variables and numerical values. A novel distance measu...

The few available French resources for evaluating linguistic models or algorithms on other linguistic levels than morpho-syntax are either insufficient from quantitative as well as qualitative point of view or not freely accessible. Based on this fact, the FREEBANK project intends to create French corpora constructed using manually revised output from a hybrid Constraint Grammar parser and anno...

Most information retrieval systems based on linguistic approaches use symmetrically and uniformly distributed linguistic term sets to express the weights of queries and the relevance degrees of documents. However, to improve the system–user interaction, it seems more adequate to express these linguistic weights and degrees by means of unbalanced linguistic scales, that is, linguistic term sets ...

The usefulness of high quality annotated corpora as a development aid in computational linguistic applications is now well understood. Therefore it is necessary to have systematic, easily understandable and effective means for annotating corpora at many levels of linguistic description using. This paper presents a three step methodology for annotating speech corpora using linguistic data catego...

This paper presents a classifier of text readability based on information-theoretic features. The classifier was developed based on a linguistic approach to readability that explores lexical, syntactic and semantic features. For this evaluation we extracted a corpus of 645 articles from Wikipedia together with their quality judgments. We show that information-theoretic features perform as well ...

This paper discusses linguistic annotation issues, essential to a corpus-based approach to modelling the language use of foreign language learners in various contexts. We focus on learners of English and describe the corpora we use as well as the linguistic approach underlying their development. We present a scheme for describing grammatical choices and meaning components expressed in texts pro...

We discuss a cue-based grammar induction approach based on a parallel theory of grammar. Our model is based on the hypotheses of interdependency between linguistic levels (of representation) and inductability of specific structural properties at a particular level, with consequences for the induction of structural properties at other linguistic levels. We present the results of three different ...

The aim of this paper is to propose a procedure to estimate missing preference values when dealing with incomplete fuzzy linguistic preference relations assessed using a 2–tuple fuzzy linguistic approach. This procedure attempts to estimate the missing information in an individual incomplete fuzzy linguistic preference relation using only the preference values provided by the respective expert....