Abstract: The town of Herculaneum was destroyed by the pyroclastic flows of the erupting Mt. Vesuvius in 79CE. However, many artifacts and structures were preserved by this same process, until their rediscovery in the last few centuries. The Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum contained many papyrus scrolls, carbonized in the eruption but otherwise still intact. Studying the text inside these pa...

We present results of laboratory investigation slag-like artifacts, found on an archaeological site near Boršice, known by occurrence artifacts from the Early Neolithic (5 700–5 000 BC), Bronze and Medieval Ages. The grey-coloured foamy reach up to 5 cm in size often display original lava-like surface. These slags are formed especially strongly potassic (15–23 wt. % K2O) silicic (54–72 SiO2) gl...

archaeological excavations have revealed diverse medical materials of the bronze, neolithic, hellenistic ages, the roman empire and late ancient culture period in the territory of georgia. these materials are rich repositories of national, spiritual and material culture kept in different museums of georgia. to show the origin and development of medicine in georgia, it is, primarily, crucial to ...

is how to explain spatial and temporal patterns observed in the archaeological record. Why is a particular artifact found in one region but not in another region? Why does an artifact type differ in shape or size between two sites? Why do some artifacts change rapidly, whereas others remain stable over long periods of time? In THE CULTURAL TRANSMISSION OF GREAT BASIN PROJECTILEPOINT TECHNOLOGY ...

Archaeological excavations at sites of the Olmec civilization (1500 to 500 B.C. in present-day Mexico) have unearthed artifacts formed from massive iron oxide ores. Iron oxide ores were ground and shaped into highly polished circular artifacts, called "mirrors", with flat and concave surfaces. These mirrors were employed as body adornments by societal elites and were involved in trade and commo...

The fossil record suggests that modern human morphology evolved in Africa between 150,000 and 50,000 years ago, when the sole inhabitants of Eurasia were the Neanderthals and other equally nonmodern people. However, the earliest modern or near-modern Africans were behaviorally (archaeologically) indistinguishable from their nonmodern, Eurasian contemporaries, and it was only around 50,000-40,00...

Archaeological demography investigates the structure and dynamics of past human populations using evidence from traces of human activities and remnants of material culture in the archaeological record. Research in this field is interdisciplinary, incorporating findings from anthropology, paleogenetics, and human ecology but with a remit that extends beyond the primarily biological focus of pale...

We present a visualization and computation tool for modeling the caloric cost of pedestrian travel across three dimensional terrains. This tool is being used in ongoing archaeological research that analyzes how costs of locomotion affect the spatial distribution of trails and artifacts across archaeological landscapes. Throughout human history, traveling by foot has been the most common form of...