A field study was conducted at three clothing stores to validate previous laboratory findings indicating that colored LEDs used as background display lighting could: 1) lower the power demand of accent lighting by up to 50 percent; and 2) provide greater attention capture and visual appeal than current lighting practice. Blue LEDs provided a colored background for window mannequins by illuminat...

Although lighting systems powered by Photovoltaic (PV) cells have existed for many years, they are not widely used, especially in lighting for buildings, due to their high initial cost and low conversion efficiency. One of the technical challenges facing PV powered lighting systems has been how to use dc power generated by the PV module to energize common light sources that are designed to oper...

The XML technology currently widely used in network communication is also able to play an important role in the automation system of the power system. Based on some specifications and standards of the current power system, the study conducted self-description of the information and data modeling of substation communication protocols with XML and its object-oriented technology, and discussed bas...

The goals of this project are to develop rehabilitation strategies and enhance seismic design guidelines for key equipments in power substations, which are one of the most critical facilities in a power system. Furthermore, it will provide the knowledge base to be integrated into the overall loss estimation model for the entire power network. To achieve these goals, key substation equipments ar...

For a primary substation (P/S), there are many typical methods to control voltage and reactive power such as adjusting the generator mode, switching shunt capacitor (SC), adjusting on-load tap changer (OLTC), and switching shunt reactor (SR). In this study, a graphical user interface (GUI) is designed combining with nine-area diagram to observe the relationship between voltage and reactive powe...

To help make the power system more reliable huge amount of data generated from different Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) located in substation of power system should be collected, analysed and displayed. Easy way of accessing and viewing recorded data or information obtained through automated analysis is commonly lacking in the existing power systems. Nowadays data and related information...

In this paper, a novel framework is proposed to study impacts of regulatory incentive on distributed generation (DG) investment in sub-transmission substations, as well as upgrading of upstream transmission substations. Both conventional and wind power technologies are considered here. Investment incentives are fuel cost, firm contracts, capacity payment and investment subsidy relating to wind ...

Post-fault studies of recent major power failures around the world reveal that maloperation and/or improper co-ordination of protection system were responsible to some extent. When a major power disturbance occurs, protection and control action are required to stop the power system degradation, restore the system to a normal state and minimise the impact of the disturbance. However, this has in...