This paper presents the first evidence of tetrachromacy among invertebrates. The Japanese yellow swallowtail butterfly, Papilio xuthus, uses colour vision when foraging. The retina of Papilio is furnished with eight varieties of spectral receptors of six classes that are the ultraviolet (UV), violet, blue (narrow-band and wide-band), green (single-peaked and double-peaked), red and broad-band c...

A new data structure for representing the color of rays from multiple-view images is presented. The structure is a hexagonal tessellation generated from a buckyball. Using the structure, the captured colors are represented as pixel values of a hexagonal image, and the image is finally saved as a compressed normal image after a simple transformation without loss of connectivity. A surface light ...

We present a quantum manipulation of a traveling light pulse using double atomic coherence for two-color stationary light and quantum frequency conversion. The quantum frequency conversion rate of the traveling light achieved by the two-color stationary light phenomenon is near unity. We theoretically discuss the two-color stationary light for the frequency conversion process in terms of pulse ...

The organic light emitting diode (OLED) display has recently become popular in the consumer electronics market. Compared with current LCD display technology, OLED is an emerging display technology that emits light by the pixels themselves and does not need an external back light as the illumination source. In this paper, we offer an approach to reduce power consumption on OLED displays for sequ...

THE purpbse of this note is to describe a modification of the standardized colour vision testing lantern designed by the present writer (Martin, 1939), which should render it specially suitable for use by. transport undertakings. Experience has shown, however, that the mariner's test was a very satisfactory one in itself. Therefore the modifications are supplementary, and the marine form of the...

Highlights occur especially when recording medical (color) images during micro-invasive operations. They disturb the physicians who can sometimes only guess the tissue at the position of the highlights. In this contribution we present a new technique of highlight removal. A so-called light field is generated from the recorded image sequence. Then a binary highlight mask is computed for each ima...

Conventional wisdom suggests that high-reputation banks will generally produce good securities to maintain their long-run reputation. We show with a simple model that, when securities are complex a high-reputation bank may produce assets that underperform during market downturns. We examine this possibility using a unique sample of $10.1 trillion of CLO, MBS, ABS, and CDOs. Contrary to the conv...

PURPOSE Perceived color of ceramics changes by the spectral power distribution of ambient light. This study aimed to quantify the amount of shifts in color and color coordinates of clinically simulated seven all-ceramics due to the switch of three ambient light sources using a human vision simulating spectroradiometer. MATERIALS AND METHODS CIE color coordinates, such as L*, a* and b*,of cera...

A source of illumination with good color properties, daylight or electric, should reveal a full range of colors, should enable good color discrimination between objects of similar spectral reflectance, and should not distort colors. We presently have only one recognized measure of color rendering in the lighting industry, color rendering index (CRI), developed in the early 1960s. However, CRI s...