Albonoursin production was greatly enhanced when cyclo (L-Leu-L-Phe) (CFL), a tetrahydro derivative of albonoursin, was added to the 2-day culture of an albonoursin-producing actinomycete, Streptomyces albulus KO-23. The increase in albonoursin production paralleled the amount of CFL added. Furthermore, the resting cells of the strain catalyzed the bioconversion of CFL to albonoursin. The optim...

OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are associated with an increase in changes in white matter on MRI. The aims were to investigate whether white matter changes also occur in dementia with Lewy bodies and to examine the relation between white matter lesions and the cognitive and non-cognitive features of dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. M...

PURPOSE To determine whether people with central field loss (CFL) from macular degeneration have improved ability to recognize a particularly difficult spatial configuration embedded in noise, the peripherally-viewed 'ladder contour'. The visibility of these configuration has been linked to general contour integration ability and crowding limitations in peripheral vision. METHODS We used a tr...

The actin-depolymerizing factor/cofilin (ADF/CFL) gene family encodes a diverse group of relatively small proteins. Once known strictly as modulators of actin filament dynamics, recent research has demonstrated that these proteins are involved in a variety of cellular processes, from signal transduction to the cytonuclear trafficking of actin. In both plant and animal lineages, expression patte...

Extensive development of designs and prototyping of energy efficient torchiere systems using compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) has lead directly to the production of CFL torchieres by a major US manufacturer. This paper compares the electrical and photometric characteristics of one of the new CFL torchieres to standard tungsten halogen torchieres (halogen uplighters). Power assessments and gonio...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relation of National Institute on Aging-Reagan (NIA-Reagan) neuropathologic criteria of Alzheimer disease (AD) to level of cognitive function in persons without dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS More than 2,000 persons without dementia participating in the Religious Orders Study or the Memory and Aging Project agreed to annual detailed clinical eval...

Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) significantly increase blood flow, tissue perfusion, and tissue oxygenation in various animal models. In rectangular channel microfluidic systems, DRPs were found to significantly reduce the near-wall cell-free layer (CFL) as well as modify traffic of red blood cells (RBC) into microchannel branches. In the current study we further investigated the mechanism by whi...

The study of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at low temperatures and high densities is relevant for fundamental as well as applied astrophysical questions. On the fundamental side, the phase diagram of QCD at high and intermediate densities might be very complicated and its study is highly non-trivial. While heavy-ion collisions and lattice calculations are powerful tools to probe the phase struct...

Multi-valued partial CFL functions are computed by one-way nondeterministic pushdown automata equipped with write-only output tapes. We give an answer to a fundamental question, raised by Konstantinidis, Santean, and Yu [Act. Inform. 43 (2007) 395–417], of whether all multi-valued partial CFL functions can be refined by single-valued partial CFL functions. We negatively solve this question by p...

Locative inversion is a non-canonical structure in Chinese and English. According to the Contrastive Analysis theory (Lado, 1957), a structure in L2 is easier to learn if it has the same meaning and distribution as an “equivalent” in L1. Previous studies suggest that English-speaking Chinese L2 learners would have no difficulty in acquiring the unmarked construction (Jin, 2008). The present stu...