This second of two papers on extratropical transition (ET) over the southwest Pacific Ocean focuses on the variability of ET. A climatology of ET onset based on a previously described objective technique shows that ET commences 158 of latitude nearer the equator on average than similar cases from the Northern Hemisphere. Characteristic midlatitude circulation patterns accompanying ET near 308S ...

A plane subsonic jet was subjected to periodic oscillations in the near nozzle region by a twin vane system. During excitation, the jet was found to spread significantly and entrain mass much more than its steady counterpart. Time averaged static pressure measured in the flow field with a disc probe exhibited prominent well defined suction regions different from that of a steady jet.

A simple theory is presented for a nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ) over a planar slope. The theory extends the classical inviscid inertialoscillation model of LLJs to include upand downslope motion in the boundary layer within a stably stratified environment. The particular scenario considered is typical of LLJs over the Great Plains of the United States: southerly geostrophic wind over terrain t...

The study of interactions of jet into cross flow at different longitudinal and transverse angles of jet was studied. The following components were designed and constructed: a low velocity wind tunnel to produce the uniform flow, a flat plate with a traverse injection system to simulate the jet injection, and a spatial rake to measure the total pressure. The tests were carried out at longitudina...

Simulating the correct evolution of the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL), also often referred to as the stable boundary layer, is a challenge for any numerical model, since the NBL is influenced by a variety of sub-grid scale phenomena (Lenschow et al. 1988). These phenomena include propagating gravity waves, stationary waves that are fixed with respect to the terrain, Kelvin-Helmholtz waves, and...

This study investigates the topographically bound low-level, easterly jet surrounding Antarctica. This jet is modeled as a balanced flow that obeys the potential vorticity invertibility principle. This invertibility principle is expressed in isentropic coordinates, using local linear balance as the balance condition in the spherical coordinate formulation of the elliptic problem. In this way, t...

Numerous teleconnections have been identified based upon spatial variability in sea level pressure or lower-tropospheric geopotential height fields. These teleconnections, which are commonly strongest in winter when the mean meridional temperature gradient is large, typically are neither derived from nor linked to changes in the jet stream. Here, winter tropospheric jet stream cores over the No...

The evolution of supersynoptic (i.e., pentad) Great Plains low-level jet (GPLLJ) variability, its precipitation impacts, and large-scale circulation context are analyzed in the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR)—a high-resolution precipitation-assimilating dataset—and the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis. The analysis strategy leans on the extended EOF technique, which targets both spatial and tempo...

The jet reconstruction algorithms and calibration techniques implemented in the CMS reconstruction software are studied with high-statistics Monte Carlo samples of QCD dijet events. Generated events are passed through a full detector-level simulation of the CMS detector including readout digitization in the presence of pile-up at an instantaneous luminosity of L = 2× 10 cms. Effects of detector...