A long tradition of quantitative studies has mixed and inconclusive findings, but generally casts doubt on arguments that IMF lending has clear effects, either positive or negative, on policy variables or real outcomes. With the exception of certain recent contributions, however, these studies have been so plagued by methodological problems that the most responsible course is to withhold judgme...

This paper presents a novel model of the lending process that takes into account that loan officers must spend time and effort to originate new loans. Besides generating predictions on loan officers’ compensation and its interaction with the loan review process, the model sheds light on why competition could lead to excessively low lending standards. We also show how more intense competition ma...

Using panel data collected in 2005, we evaluate how bank size, discretion over credit, incentive schemes, competition, and the institutional environment affect lending to small- and medium-sized enterprises in China. We deal with the endogeneity problem using instrumental variables, and a reduced-form approach is also applied to allow for weak instruments in estimation. We find that total bank ...

This paper examines the origin of the Public Lending Right and the UK Public Lending Right Act 1979. It analyses whether the public lending right (PLR) that exists in some European countries, Canada and Australia may form the basis of establishing a PLR in South Africa's public libraries following a debate by the Academic and Non-Fiction Authors' Association of South Africa (ANFASA) as to wheth...

Social lending is community-based lending. The “family and friends” loans community has been extended and formalized to create a marketplace of borrowers and lenders. In Internetbased Social Lending (IBSL), the company runs a website that connects potential lenders with potential borrowers. By removing the overheads and bulky infrastructure of the banking system, IBSL provides lenders a higher ...