Norman Haire was a physician who advocated for eugenics [4], which is the betterment of human population by promoting positive traits, and birth control [5] rights in the twentieth century in both Australia and the UK. In the UK, Haire joined the Malthusian League, a contraception [6] advocacy organization [7], and helped the League open the first physiciansupervised birth control [5] clinic, c...

Significant progress has been made in outcome measurement procedures for osteoarthritis (OA) clinical trials, and guidelines have been established by the US Food and Drug Administration, European League Against Rheumatism, the World Health Organization/International League of Associations for Rheumatology, and the Group for the Respect of Ethics and Excellence in Science. However, there remains...

We analyze the distribution of broadcasting revenues by sports leagues. In the context of an isolated league, we show that when the teams engage in competitive bidding to attract talent, the league's optimal choice is full revenue sharing (resulting in full competitive balance) even if the revenues are independent of the level of balancedness. This result is overturned when the league has no mo...

the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between perceived motivational climate and self – determination judokas in iranian pro league, which was carried out by a descriptive field method. the statistical population of this study comprised the entire judokas of pro league in iran. statistical sample set of 126 judokas of pro league in iran. in order to collect data, demograph...

Rugby league is a collision team sport played at junior and senior levels worldwide, whereby players require highly developed anthropometric and physical qualities (i.e. speed, change-of-direction speed, aerobic capacity, muscular strength and power). Within junior levels, professional clubs and national governing bodies implement talent identification and development programmes to support the ...

BACKGROUND Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction is commonly performed in major league pitchers, but little is known about pitching performance after a return to major league play. HYPOTHESIS Pitching performance after ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction returns to baseline by the second season after surgery. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS Dat...

Inverse heat conduction problems, which are one of the most important groups of problems, are often ill-posed and complicated problems, and their optimization process has lots of local extrema. This paper provides a novel computational procedure based on finite differences method and league championship algorithm to solve a one-dimensional inverse heat conduction problem. At the beginning, we u...