The development of plant leaves follows a common basic program that is flexible and is adjusted according to species, developmental stage and environmental circumstances. Leaves initiate from the flanks of the shoot apical meristem and develop into flat structures of variable sizes and forms. This process is regulated by plant hormones, transcriptional regulators and mechanical properties of th...

Although leaf of Vitis vinifera (Vitaceae) has been used in traditional medicine to treat diarrhea, but no clinical and experimental studies have been conducted on its effects on the uterus. It has previously been reported that Vitis vinifera leaf extract reduces the ileum contractions induced by KCl and acetylcholine. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Vitis vinifera...

in vivo and in vitro sublethal exposure of abrin, glycyrrhizin (active component of abrus precatorius seed and root), sanguinarine, protopine (argemone mexicana seed) and oleandrin (nerium indicum leaf) inhibited the acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the nervous tissue of lymnaea acuminata. the succinic dehydrogenase activity in the nervous ti...

Introduction The rate and extent of leaf thickness and area Leaves which develop at elevated CO2 concentrations are development are important determinants of whole often thicker than those on ambient 2 plants. In a plant photosynthetic capacity. The interactive effects study of four Populus clones, Radoglou and Jarvis (1990) of photon flux density (PFD), nitrogen supply and CO 2 found increases...

Protein and transcript levels are partly decoupled as a function of translation efficiency and protein degradation. Selective protein degradation via the Ubiquitin-26S proteasome system (UPS) ensures protein homeostasis and facilitates adjustment of protein abundance during changing environmental conditions. Since individual leaf tissues have specialized functions, their protein composition is ...

Declines in leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) with increasing water stress have been attributed to cavitation of the leaf xylem. However, in the leaves of conifers, the reversible collapse of transfusion tracheids may provide an alternative explanation. Using Taxus baccata, a conifer species without resin, we developed a modified rehydration technique that allows the separation of declines in ...

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Oral mucositis (OM) is a common side effect of anti-cancer drugs and needs significant attention for its prevention. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the healing effects of olive leaf extract on 5-fluorouracil-induced OM in golden hamster. MATERIALS AND METHOD OM was induced in 63 male golden hamsters by the combination of 5-fluorouracil injections (days 0, 5 an...

We previously reported that a velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic) biotype found in Maryland was resistant to atrazine because of an enhanced capacity to detoxify the herbicide via glutathione conjugation (JW Gronwald, Andersen RN, Yee C [1989] Pestic Biochem Physiol 34: 149-163). The biochemical basis for the enhanced atrazine conjugation capacity in this biotype was examined. Glutathione l...

Understanding the principles and mechanisms of cell growth coordination in plant tissue remains an outstanding challenge for modern developmental biology. Cell-based modeling is a widely used technique for studying the geometric and topological features of plant tissue morphology during growth. We developed a quasi-one-dimensional model of unidirectional growth of a tissue layer in a linear lea...

Under UV-excitation, leaves emit red (RF) and far-red (FRF) fluorescence from chlorophyll and blue-green fluorescence (BGF) from hydroxycinnamic acids. In this study, the aim was to develop a fluorescence signature of wheat leaf ageing after the emergence of the lamina. FRF and BGF were examined in the first three leaves of 2-week-old wheat plants. It was investigated how FRF and BGF vary as le...