In this paper, we explore the computational potential and limitations of the multi-layered con-nectionist models [Minsky and Papert, 1968]. We found that the number of layers and the width are two crucial parameters for the multi-layered connectionist models. If each layer has the same size n and we increment the number of layers by 1, then the number of problems solved will increase 0{n 3) tim...

Unprecedented material compatibility and ease of integration, in addition to the unique and diverse optoelectronic properties of layered materials, have generated significant interest in their utilization in nanophotonic devices. While initial nanophotonic experiments with layered materials primarily focused on light sources, modulators, and detectors, recent efforts have included nonlinear opt...

Gouveia et al. [3] show how to model the Hop Constrained Minimum Spanning tree problem as Steiner tree problem on a layered graph. Following their ideas, we provide three possibilities to model the Hop Constrained (HC) Connected Facility Location problem (ConFL) as ConFL on layered graphs. We show that on all three layered graphs the respective LP relaxations of two cut based models are of the ...

We show in this work an oblique layered system that is capable of manipulating two dimensional subwavelength images. Through properly designed planar layered system, we demonstrate analytically that lateral image shift could be achieved with subwavelength resolution, due to the asymmetry of the dispersion curve of constant frequency. Further, image rotation with arbitrary angle, as well as imag...

Systems designed with measurement and attestation in mind are often layered, with the lower layers measuring the layers above them. Attestations of such systems, which we call layered attestations, must bundle together the results of a diverse set of application-specific measurements of various parts of the system. Some methods of layered attestation are more trustworthy than others, so it is i...

Introduction Lead-based shields are the most widely used attenuators in X-ray and gamma ray fields. The heavy weight, toxicity and corrosion of lead have led researchers towards the development of non-lead shields. Materials and Methods The purpose of this study was to design multi-layered shields for protection against X-rays and gamma rays in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. In this...

In this study, we investigate the effects of treatment with layered chondrocyte sheets and synovial cell transplantation. An osteochondral defect was created of 48 Japanese white rabbits. In order to determine the effects of treatment, the following 6 groups were produced: (A) synovial cells (1.8 × 10(6) cells), (B)layered chondrocyte sheets (1.7 × 10(6) cells), (C) synovial cells (3.0 × 10(5) ...

Layered learning is a hierarchical machine learning paradigm that enables learning of complex behaviors by incrementally learning a series of sub-behaviors. A key feature of layered learning is that higher layers directly depend on the learned lower layers. In its original formulation, lower layers were frozen prior to learning higher layers. This paper considers an extension to the paradigm th...

An approach to robotics called layered evolution and merging features from the subsumption architecture into evolutionary robotics is presented, and its advantages are discussed. This approach is used to construct a layered controller for a simulated robot that learns which light source to approach in an environment with obstacles. The evolvability and performance of layered evolution on this t...