The alpha(L)beta(2) integrin (leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 [LFA-1]) is regulated to engage and maintain T cell adhesion. Conformational changes in the receptor are associated with changes in receptor-ligand affinity and are necessary for firm adhesion. Less well understood is the relationship between receptor conformation and the regulation of its lateral mobility. We have used fluor...

In this study, the lateral flow assay (LFA) has been developed for detection of bacterial infection (BI) by specific biomarker procalcitonin (PCT), without a need complicated instrumentations and technical expertise. For development assay, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) their conjugates with antibodies to model antigen PCT are assessed. Polyclonal antibody (pAb) labelled obtain AuNP-pAb complex mono...

BACKGROUND Retrospective data suggest that cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) screening in patients with late-stage human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) may reduce cryptococcal disease and deaths. Prospective data are limited. METHODS CrAg was measured using lateral flow assays (LFA) and latex agglutination (LA) tests in 645 HIV-positive, ART-naive patients with...

The use of small (with a diameter 7–12 nm) superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as carriers for antibodies in lateral flow immunoassay is considered. Increased total surface area such suspension provides concentration analytes with an increase their up to 50 times. When the concentrated complexes were redissolved, aggregates diameters 100–500 nm obtained, serving colored markers assay. Further...

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) is a heterodimeric integrin consisting of α(L) (gene name, Itgal) and β(2) (gene name, Itgb2) subunits expressed in all leukocytes. LFA-1 is essential for neutrophil recruitment to inflamed tissue. Activation of LFA-1 by chemokines allows neutrophils and other leukocytes to undergo arrest, resulting in firm adhesion on endothelia expressing inter...

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a major cause of AIDS-related mortality in Africa. Detection of serum cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) predicts development of CM in antiretroviral (ART) naïve HIV-infected patients with severe immune depression. Systematic pre-ART CrAg screening and pre-emptive oral fluconazole is thus recommended. We postulated that a semi-quantitative CrAg screening app...