One of the most remarkable larval types among spiralians, and invertebrates in general, is the planktotrophic pilidium. The pilidium is found in a single clade of nemerteans, called the Pilidiophora, and appears to be an innovation of this group. All other nemerteans have either planktotrophic or lecithotrophic juvenile-like planuliform larvae or have direct development. The invention of the pi...

The life cycle of most benthic marine invertebrates has two distinct stages: the pelagic larval stage and the sessile juvenile stage. The transition between the larval stage and the juvenile stage is often abrupt and may be triggered by post-translational modification of proteins. Glycosylation, a very important post-translational modification, influences the biological activity of proteins. We...

—We present a population dynamics model based on the life history of anadromous Alosa. The model is built around a catch-at-age array to which we have added an additional dimension to include previous spawning history. The previous spawning history determines the number of times that a fish is exposed to riverine impacts that contribute to overall mortality rates. The model is designed to incor...

Microalgae play indeed a crucial nutritional role with regard to marine animals in the open sea, and consequently in aquaculture. Most marine invertebrates depend on microalgae for their whole life cycle, so commercial and experimental mollusc or fish hatcheries have included a microalga production system in parallel to their animal production itself. Microalgae are utilized as live feed for al...

Life history shifts in daphnids in response to fish infochemicals are generally interpreted as an adaptive response to positive size-selective predation. This interpretation does, however, not hold for larval and small juvenile planktivorous fish, which due to gape limitation, feed on small and medium sized prey. In a life table experiment we show that daphnids exposed to infochemicals excreted...

Enrichment of live foods by essential nutrients such as highly unsaturated fatty acids is an important tool for improvement of larval fish quality. In this study, nutritional effects of Artemia urmiana enriched by fish and plant oils on growth, survival rate, body compositions and resistance against thermal, salinity and hypoxic stresses in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss were examined. Six ...

  Shirbot (Barbus grypus) as a species with high potential for aquaculture development recently propagated artificially in South Iran Aquaculture Research Center to extend the species diversity in polyculture system. To provide an effective economic diet for this species 9 experimental diets containing three crude protein levels (250, 300, and 350 g kg -1) and three metabolizable energy levels ...

This study aimed to explore the gill developmental mechanism of high mortality rate Paramisgurnus dabryanus larvae in early life-history process. Based on histological observations with a optical microscope, we studied ontogeny P. dabryanus. The result indicated that external gills first appeared 12 h after hatching. number branchial filaments greatly increased at 2 d hatching (DAH). internal f...