Speech understanding can be viewed as a problem of translating input natural language of speech recognition results into output semantic language. This paper describes automatic acquisition of a language model for translating natural language into semantic language from a text corpus using a stochastic method. The method estimates co-occurrence probabilities of input and output grammar rules as...

Instructors’ difficulties in judging whether linguistic material is suitable for their students' level seem to have been aggravated during the pandemic (Conti, 2021). In this situation, there risk of exposing learners inappropriate input, which can be detrimental language acquisition. The proposed solution, (modified-)elaborated designed increase comprehensibility without sacrificing richness a...

The current study aims at exploring the role of causativization as one of the causes stated in the literature for overpassivization of English unaccusatives in an Iranian context.The study was conducted using three data collection procedures, an Oxford Placement Test, a Grammaticality Judgment Task, and a Production Task. The results revealed that causativization errors with non-alternating una...

Isaac is a programing language for geometric reasoning intended for controlling mobile robots, currently under development at NMSU. Due to the application area, handling input and output (in particular, sensor input and actuator output) in a manner consistent with the language as a whole is particularly important in this language. In this paper, we discuss the mechanisms employed by Isaac to pr...

Language skills in young bilingual children are highly varied as a result of the variability in their language experiences, making it difficult for speech-language pathologists to differentiate language disorder from language difference in bilingual children. Understanding the sources of variability in bilingual contexts and the resulting variability in children's skills will help improve langu...