introduction:landscape structure means the pattern of a landscape, which is determined by its type of use, but also by its structure, i.e. the size, shape, arrangement and distribution of individual landscape elements. for the delineation of these landscape elements, or so-called patches, often land use or land cover units are used. in this context, “‘land cover’ refers to the physical surface ...

“Fragmentation of forest types” is an indicator of biological diversity in the Montréal Process. In the 2003 U.S. National Assessment, the indicator was interpreted as the extent to which forests are distributed as large blocks of habitat. It was assessed by measuring patch size, amount of edge, interpatch distance, and patch contrast on land-cover maps derived from satellite imagery. Although ...

Broad-scale destruction and fragmentation of native vegetation is a highly visible result of human land-use throughout the world (Chapter 4). From the Atlantic Forests of South America to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia, and in many other regions on Earth, much of the original vegetation now remains only as fragments amidst expanses of land committed to feeding and housing human beings. ...

This paper considers how habitat geometry affects New Zealand bird distributions on land-bridge islands, oceanic islands, and forest patches. The data base consists of distributions of 60 native land and freshwater bird species on 31 islands. A theoretical section examines how species incidences should vary with factors such as population density, island area, and dispersal ability, in two case...

Optimizing land-use allocation is important to regional sustainable development, as it promotes the social equality of public services, increases the economic benefits of land-use activities, and reduces the ecological risk of land-use planning. Most land-use optimization models allocate land-use using cell-level operations that fragment land-use patches. These models do not cooperate well with...

The urban sprawl of cities periphery is one such changes that has led to drastic land-use changes, which resulted in landscape fragmentation. objective this study understand the process fragmentation because expansion; identifying most influential drivers have changed land-use. To achieve objectives due land use, a had conducted Ramallah area Palestine. utilized Fragstat software quantify with ...