BACKGROUND A thermal tolerant stereo-complex poly-lactic acid (SC-PLA) can be made by mixing Poly-D-lactic acid (PDLA) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) at a defined ratio. This environmentally friendly biodegradable polymer could replace traditional recalcitrant petroleum-based plastics. To achieve this goal, however, it is imperative to produce optically pure lactic acid isomers using a cost-effe...

An annotated selection of World Wide Web sites relevant to the topics in microbial biotechnology Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria):Wikipedia This page on the lactic acid group of bacteria is heavy on taxonomy. This webpage describes the major taxonomic and metabolic features of lactic acid bacteria. Twelve reasons to know about lactic acid bacteria Lactic acid bacteria are important in foo...

The consideration of the manner in which various metabolites are removed from the living cell by the process of oxidation presents a problem which, if it is to be considered quantitatively, necessitates a detailed knowledge of the course of comparable reactions in vitro. I t is, therefore, desirable to consider such reactions from many points of view before attempting to analyze the more compli...

Bacillus coagulans 2-6 is an excellent producer of optically pure l-lactic acid. However, little is known about the mechanism of synthesis of the highly optically pure l-lactic acid produced by this strain. Three enzymes responsible for lactic acid production-NAD-dependent l-lactate dehydrogenase (l-nLDH; encoded by ldhL), NAD-dependent d-lactate dehydrogenase (d-nLDH; encoded by ldhD), and gly...

Fed-batch animal cell culture is the most common method for commercial production of recombinant proteins. However, higher cell densities in these platforms are still limited due to factors such as excessive ammonium production, lactic acid production, nutrient limitation, and/or hyperosmotic stress related to nutrient feeds and base additions to control pH. To partly overcome these factors, we...

Lignocellulose is one of the most abundant renewable feedstocks that has attracted considerable attention as a substrate for biofuel and biochemical production. One such biochemical product, lactic acid, is an important fermentation product because of its great potential for the production of biodegradable and biocompatible polylactic acid. High-titer lactic acid production from lignocellulosic...

The consideration of the manner in which various metabolites are removed from the living cell by the process of oxidation presents a problem which, if it is to be considered quantitatively, necessitates a detailed knowledge of the course of comparable reactions in vitro. I t is, therefore, desirable to consider such reactions from many points of view before attempting to analyze the more compli...

L(+)-LACTIC ACID is a commonly occurring organic acid. It is widely used in the food and food-related industries, and has the potential to be used for the production of biodegradable polymers, solvents and oxygenated chemicals. Lactic acid can be produced by both bacteria and fungi, however it is currently produced from sugar-containing materials by bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Lactococcu...

Lactic acid is a valuable and fully degradable organic acid with promising applications in poly-lactic acid production (Taskila S and Ojamo, 2013 [1]). Despite their efficiency, the cost of the current lactic acid bio-processes is still an obstacle to this application (Miller et al., 2011 [2]). To ameliorate lactic acid producing strains, researchers are using mutations and metabolic engineerin...

Consumers are increasingly becoming aware of their health and nutritional requirements, and in this context, vitamins produced in situ by microbes may suit their needs and expectations. B groups vitamins are essential components of cellular metabolism and among them riboflavin is one of the vital vitamins required by bacteria, plants, animals and humans. Here, we focus on the importance of micr...