PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to investigate the roles of caspase 1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in inflammation-induced inhibition of lacrimal gland secretion. METHODS Lacrimal gland inflammation was induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; to study the role of caspase 1) or IL-1beta (to study the role of ERK). Lacrimal gland protein secretion was me...

PURPOSE This study was conducted to seek sex differences in mRNA expression in normal mouse lacrimal glands. Gene expression differences in the lacrimal gland may contribute to susceptibility to lacrimal gland or ocular surface disease. METHODS A differential display analysis was performed on poly(A)+ RNA isolated from male and female Swiss Webster mouse exorbital lacrimal glands. Four potent...

One of the constant side-effects of a successful transantral vidian neurectomy, well-known among otolaryngologists, is the interruption of the secreto-motor nerve supply to the lacrimal gland. Since this secreto-motor nerve supply is concentrated in the nerve of the pterygoid canal (vidian nerve) this is only to be expected. This depression of lacrimation appears to be permanent, yet in some 30...

PURPOSE Differential display analysis was used to look for gender differences in lacrimal gland gene expression. The expression of a female-specific mouse lacrimal gland mRNA that encoded pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 (PLRP1) was identified and characterized. METHODS Differential display analysis of the exorbital lacrimal glands of male and female Swiss Webster mice detected a potential...

purpose: to report a case of free floating pyogenic granuloma within the lacrimal sac. case report: a 13 month old infant with unresolving dacryocystitis and history of two times failed probing and once failed turbinate fracture was scheduled for dacryocystorhinostomy (dcr). a free floating red mass was removed from the sac. histopathologic examination confirmed a diagnosis of pyogenic granulom...

As an element of the lacrimal apparatus, the lacrimal gland (LG) produces the aqueous part of the tear film, which protects the eye surface. Therefore, a defective LG can lead to serious eyesight impairment. Up to now, little is known about LG morphogenesis and subsequent maturation. In this study, we delineated elements of the cellular and molecular events involved in LG formation by using thr...

Lacrimal sac diverticula are outpouchings of the lacrimal sac. Their various clinical symptoms complicate differential diagnosis. Here we report two patients of distinctive type of lacrimal sac diverticula. Each of them presented with a mass inferior to the medial canthus with a secreting fistula. Irrigation demonstrated lacrimal drainage system patency. The orificium fistula was located at low...

The authors perform a revisional and iconographic study of the lacrimal system by means of radiological methods, namely, conventional radiography, linear tomography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Image methods are essential to define diagnosis and therapy, considering that besides demonstrating alterations of the lacrimal system, they may indicate the patients with better ...

Examining the young child who presents to the emergency department with a visual or ocular complaint can be a challenge. This article discusses basic concepts of visual and behavioral development and methods for an accurate ocular examination in young children. Topics reviewed include conjunctivitis, orbital and periorbital cellulitis, lacrimal system infections, congenital issues, misalignment...

BACKGROUND A transcaruncular approach is typically used for reconstructions of medial wall fractures. However, others reported that a transconjunctival approach was conducive for securing an adequate surgical field of view. In this study, we aimed to examine the extent of repair of medial wall fracture via a transconjunctival approach. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records o...