The binding-site of the dopamine D2 receptor, like that of other homologous G protein-coupled receptors, is contained within a water-accessible crevice formed among its seven membrane-spanning segments. Using the substituted cysteine accessibility method (SCAM), we previously mapped the residues in the third, fifth, sixth, and seventh membrane-spanning segments that contribute to the surface of...

This paper evaluates a series of programs, run by a company called OPOWER, to send Home Energy Report letters to residential utility customers comparing their energy use to that of their neighbors. Using data from randomized natural …eld experiments at 600,000 treatment and control households across the United States, I estimate that the programs reduce energy consumption by 1.1 to 2.8 percent ...

This paper analyzes the effects of pollution control regulation on input markets. Under Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, sulfur dioxide emissions from large coal-fired electric power plants in the United States are regulated by a cap-and-trade system. We address the question of who gained from from Title IV. We first show that Phase I of the tradeable permits program, from 1995 to...

In this paper, we develop a methodology for estimating marginal emissions of electricity demand that vary by location and time of day across the United States. The approach takes account of the generation mix within interconnected electricity markets and shifting load profiles throughout the day. Using data available for 2007 through 2009, with a focus on carbon dioxide (CO2), we find substanti...

In an e¤ort to reduce energy use, governments in the United States and many other countries subsidize energy e¢ cient lightbulbs or ban traditional incandescent bulbs. We evaluate one important rationale for these policies: that imperfect information or attentional biases cause consumers to purchase more incandescents than they would in their private optima. We formalize a model of consumer cho...

We recently identified a tumor-associated antigen that was recognized by human monoclonal antibody L94. The antibody-reactive 707-AP sequence RVAALARDAP, cloned from a melanoma cDNA library, was also found to be recognized by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from melanoma patients. In this study, 707-AP was used to stimulate melanoma patients' PBLs for the establishment of peptide-specific C...