To remedy the paucity of studies on the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and speaking proficiency, we examine the degree to which second language (L2) speaking proficiency can be predicted by the size, depth, and speed of L2 vocabulary among novice to intermediate Japanese learners of English. Studies 1 and 2 administered vocabulary tests and a speaking test to 224 and 87 L2 learners, ...

Translation, whose first traces date back at least to 3000 BC (Newmark, 1988), has always been considered time-consuming and labor-consuming. In view of this, experts have made numerous efforts to develop some mechanical systems which can reduce part of this time and labor. The advancement of computers in the second half of the twentieth century paved the ground for the invention of machine tra...

We examined the roles of metacognitive awareness of reading strategies, syntactic awareness in English, and English vocabulary knowledge in the English reading comprehension of Chinese-speaking university students (n = 278). Results suggested a two-factor model of a General Reading Knowledge factor (metacognitive awareness employed during the English reading process) and a Second Language (L2) ...

Bilingual speakers are confronted with a unique challenge when learning language as they must learn to express the same concept in two separate languages. Here, we examine whether learning number words in one language (i.e., L1) facilitates the acquisition of analogous number words in a second language (i.e., L2) or whether extensive experience and familiarity with numbers within the second lan...

This study examined the contribution of word decoding, first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) vocabulary and prior topic knowledge to L2 reading comprehension. For measuring reading comprehension we employed two different reading tasks: Woodcock Passage Comprehension and a researcher-developed content-area reading assignment (the Global Warming Test) consisting of multiple lengthy texts. ...

translation, whose first traces date back at least to 3000 bc (newmark, 1988), has always been considered time-consuming and labor-consuming. in view of this, experts have made numerous efforts to develop some mechanical systems which can reduce part of this time and labor. the advancement of computers in the second half of the twentieth century paved the ground for the invention of machine tra...

We propose a new semantic relation of intensity for gradable adjectives in WordNet and show its specific benefits for NLP. Intensity enriches the present, vague, similar relation with information on the degree with which different adjectives express a shared attribute. Using lexical-semantic patterns, we mine the Web for evidence of the relative strength of adjectives like “large”, “huge” and “...