Characterizing the molecular mechanism involved in nonhost disease resistance is important to understand the adaptations of plant-pathogen interactions. In this study, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)-based forward genetics screen was utilized to identify genes involved in nonhost resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana. Genes encoding ribosomal proteins, RPL12 and RPL19, were identified in the ...

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to broadly evaluate the expression of HERV core (GAG) and envelope (ENV) genes in diseased brain white matter samples from MS patients compared to normal controls. METHODS Twenty-eight HERV GAG and 88 ENV gene sequences were retr...

Microquantity differential display analysis of gene expression profiles between benign (PNT2) and malignant (PC3M) human prostate cell lines identified the gene encoding ribosomal protein L19 (RPL19) to be overexpressed in the malignant cells. Northern blot hybridization analysis done on a wide range of human cell lines and tissues confirmed the level of RPL19 mRNA to be 5-fold higher in malign...

Ribosomal proteins are encoded by a gene family, members of which are overexpressed in human cancers. Many of them have been found, using oligonucleotide microarray hybridization, to be differentially expressed in the faeces of patients with various stages of colorectal cancer (CRC). The gene encoding ribosomal protein L19 (RPL19), a prognostic marker for human prostate cancer, is differentiall...

In this study, anatomical, morphometric and volumetric analyses of the mandible Hamdani sheep were performed using computed tomography (CT) three-dimensional (3D) software. For purpose, 16 (eight males, eight females) heads used. Images these taken on a 64-detector CT device applying 80 kV, 200 MA, 639 mGY, 0.625 mm section thickness. Scan images each subject converted into models 3D software r...