Cougar (Puma concolor) management in Oregon is unique because hunting cougars with dogs was allowed through the 1994 hunting season, but thereafter Ballot Initiative Measure 18 prohibited the use of dogs to pursue cougars. Since 1995, hunting seasons have become increasingly longer withmore tags sold. The effects of changing management structure on survival rates and causes of mortality of coug...

Prediction of the peak discharge debris flow is one most important factors in mitigating disasters. Currently, empirical methods based on relationship between and total volume (magnitude) for many events are used to estimate planning or designing countermeasures Japan. In order with high accuracy, monitoring sensors load cell pressure sensor (hereafter referred as a DFLP system), was installed ...

Two extremely closely related species of stone flies, Allocapnia indianae Ricker and A. ohioensis Ross and Ricker, have almost perfectly sympatric ranges extending from southcentral Kentucky to southeastern Ohio, with isolated areas of distribution in south-central Indiana and in New York. Both species appear to be restricted to small streams having cave or spring origins. A comparison of their...

Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, WA 986869600, USA; and Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, MSC03 2020, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA *Corresponding author. Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, WA 98686-9600, USA. Tel: +1-36...

White Creek, Cripple Creek, Hayden Creek, Shadow Brook, and Mount Wellington watercourses constitute the northern watershed of Otsego Lake (Figure 1). Approximately 44% of the northern watershed is devoted to agricultural utilization (Harman et. al. 1997) and the potential for anthropogenically derived additions of total carbon (TC), total inorganic carbon (TIC/IC), and nitrogen affecting the l...

Estuaries and tidal creeks, harboring mangroves particularly, face tremendous anthropogenic pressures. Expansion of mega cities and the thermal power plants are generally proposed in the vicinity of estuaries and creek, due to the feasibility of intake and discharge of water for cooling. Discharges from such developments remain constant threat of increasing thermal pollution and affecting the q...

The 15,410 ha Tallgrass Prairie Preserve (Osage County, Oklahoma), managed by The Nature Conservancy, consists of a variety of grassland, forested, wetland, and disturbed habitats. 1,612 specimens of vascular plants collected between 1992 and 2007 were examined to obtain a vouchered flora of the preserve. The known flora consists of 763 species in 411 genera and 109 families. 12.1% of the speci...

Spatial measurements of conductivity, temperature and depth were used to study salinity variations along the principal channels of the tidal hypersaline creek network in the vicinity of Bushehr Port, Persian Gulf during three 25- tidal cycles in both warm and cold months. Salinity variations and tidal fluctuations were out of phase throughout the short inverse estuary. The salinity values in...

Plumb Beach, Brooklyn, New York in USA is an important horseshoe crab breeding and nursery ground that has experienced substantial anthropogenic influence, including pollution, erosion and subsequent restoration. Since little is known about the relationship between sediment microbial communities and juvenile horseshoe crab survival, next generation sequencing was used to characterize and compar...