Aims: Increasing consumption of the earth's primary resources (materials and energy) in addition to the production of environmental and atmospheric pollutants (especially CO2), poses a serious threat to sustainable human life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using concrete, brick and wood in traditional construction in northwestern Iran on energy consumption and carbon emiss...

abstract the present study was conducted to examine the effect of proficiency on students interaction while carrying out the grammar-based task(s) in collaboration. in particular, the study examines whether the level of proficiency affects the learners’ focus of attention to grammatical and lexical features. the study takes a further step and examines whether there is any difference in the use...

this study was an attempt to investigate the effect of using c-test passages on the reading comprehension and incidental vocabulary learning of iranian intermediate efl learners. the participants were 60 male efl learners at kish mehr institute in garmsar. in fact, there were two groups, an experimental group and a comparison group with 30 students in each. the participants were pretested throu...

This study aims to evaluate the status of Iranian gas industry and to formulate appropriate policies in order to attain the objectives of Iran’s Vision 2025. A dynamic model including exploration, production, consumption and demand sub-systems is designed based on the system dynamics approach and is simulated for the period 2010-2025. In this model, factors affecting natural gas exploration, de...

investigation the archetype of mother can help the reader to understand poes works, especially his fiction, better, if not fully. motivated by internal and external drives to get into the universe in its manifold form poe was impelled to art and, from various modes of art, to symbolism. how much was poe successful to produce works of art has been a matter of dispute among critics. however, ther...

chapter one is devoted to a moderate discussion on preliminaries, according to our requirements. chapter two which is based on our work in (24) is devoted introducting weighted semigroups (s, w), and studying some famous function spaces on them, especially the relations between go (s, w) and other function speces are invesigated. in fact this chapter is a complement to (32). one of the main fea...

after the soviet union dissolution, a chaotic period was begun in the russia. russia lost its glory and felt disgrace. the first group of elites came to power under yeltsin; they tried to re-define russia’s identity as a european country and build a foreign policy on this baseline. therefore russia tried to become closer with the west especially with the u.s. according to their view the sovie...

the frame semantic theory is a nascent approach in the area of translation studies which goes beyond the linguistic barriers and helps us to incorporate cognitive and cultural factors to the study of translation. based on rojos analytical model (2002b), which centered in the frames or knowledge structures activated in the text, the present research explores the various translation problems that...

Introduction: Replacingfuel oil with natural gas in brick kilns is one of the effective ways to reduce air pollution as well as the cost of the furnaces maintenance. The aim of this study isto estimate reduction of air pollutants resulting from brick kilns functioning with natural gasin Yazdprovince. Methods: In this descriptive-survey research, we estimated consumption of the fuel oil in the ...