This paper describes the results of an experimental study to verify proposed design requirements for eccentrically braced frame links with hollow rectangular i.e., tubular cross sections. Twelve primary link specimens and two supplementary links that have different end connections are tested. Three cross sections and four normalized link lengths are considered. Two of the cross sections have we...

This paper presents the key design points of buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs) by using the performance-based plastic design (PBPD) methodology. This method is based on energy-work balance concept and uses pre-selected target drift and yield mechanism as design criteria. Based on multi-mode pushover and time-history analyses, a simple equation is developed for computing yield drift rati...

The objective of this review to be submitted in two independent parts, for steel frames and for RC frames, is to compare their structural performance with respect to the proposed N2-method, and so also of the consequent convenience of using pushover methodology for the seismic analysis of these structures. A preliminary investigation is presented on a pushover analysis used for the seismic perf...

In the study, weight efficiency of Triple Friction Pendulum Bearing (TFP) Isolators is investigated on optimal planar steel frames. For this investigation, an optimization program based Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm have been developed for study. design frames, structure should satisfy strength, inter-story drift, top-story drift and geometric requirements that are implemented from LRFD...

BACKGROUND Unloading knee braces often are used after tibiofemoral articular cartilage repair. However, the experimental basis for their use in patients with normal tibiofemoral alignment such as those undergoing cartilage repair is lacking. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of varus and valgus adjustments to one commercially available unloader knee br...

Abstract Background Weakness of ankle and knee musculature following injury or disorder results in reduced joint motion associated with metabolically expensive gait compensations to enable limb support advancement. However, neuromechanical coupling between the make it difficult discern independent roles these restrictions on compensatory mechanics metabolic penalties. Methods We sought determin...

For most practical purposes, true topology optimization of a braced frame should be synchronized with its sizing. An integrated layout optimization is formulated here to simultaneously account for both member sizing and bracings’ topology in such a problem. Code-specific seismic design spectrum is applied to unify the earthquake excitation. The problem is solved for minimal structural weight un...