The conformational transitions of five viroid species were studied by melting analysis and by fast and slow temperature jump techniques. Experiments with the fast temperature jump technique had to be carried out in 10 mM Na-cacodylate, 0.1 M NaCl, 4 M urea, 1 mM EDTA, pH 6.8. In addition to the highly cooperative main transition (Tm between 46.5 and 49 degrees C for different viroid species [1]...

A class of variational problems arising in thin micromagnetic film or in the gradient theory of phase transitions exhibit an hyperbolic behavior, a surprising property being given their natural elliptic structure. These two–dimensional Ginzburg–Landau problems are, for instance, characterized by energy density concentrations on a one–dimensional set comparable to a steady shock wave. Here we re...

This article reviews the basic computational techniques for carrying out multiscale simulations using statistical methods, with the focus on simulations of epitaxial growth. First, the statistical-physics background behind Monte Carlo simulations is briefly described. The kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) method is introduced as an extension of the more wide-spread thermodynamic Monte Carlo methods, an...

During the initial stages of copper electrodeposition onto a thin seed layer, a nonuniform potential distribution arises, resulting in local variations in growth rate and deposit morphology. Early stages of morphology evolution during copper electrodeposition are of practical importance but have not been well studied. Here, a new multiscale approach is developed for numerical simulation of the ...

background: the purpose of this study was to investigate the ratio of electromyography (em g) activities of the vastus medialis obliqus (vmo) and vastus lateralis (vl) within seven angles of knee joint range of motion using isometric contraction in open kinetic chain (ok c) and closed kinetic chain (ckc). methods: the dominant knees of 44 healthy female subjects (mean age: 24.84 with range: 20-...

An algonthm for the correctIon of errors ansmg from between-sample vanatlons m the pseudo-first-order rate constant for kmetlc methods IS dermbed The algonthm 1s based on the hnear Kalman filter and uses a set of models (typically 40 or more) m parallel The best model for a given set of data IS selected by exammatlon of the mnovation sequences Lmutattons of this approach with respect to data ra...

In this paper, we construct a hierarchy of hybrid numerical methods for multi-scale kinetic equations based on moment realizability matrices, a concept introduced by Levermore, Morokoff and Nadiga in [15]. Following such a criterion, one can consider hybrid scheme where the hydrodynamic part is given either by the compressible Euler or Navier-Stokes equations, or even with more general models, ...

In these notes we first introduce logarithmic entropy methods for time-dependent driftdiffusion equations and then consider a kinetic model of Vlasov-Fokker-Planck type for traffic flows. In the spatially homogeneous case the model reduces to a special type of nonlinear drift-diffusion equation which may permit the existence of several stationary states corresponding to the same density. Then w...

The unsteady flow caused by the interaction of guide vanes and runner is investigated for an axial turbine. The calculation is performed in parallel. The solution algorithm and the parallelization procedures are described. The parallelization is obtained by domain decomposition with overlapping meshes. The interaction of rotor and stator is handled by a sliding interface where downstream the no...