Unilateral renal artery stenosis (RAS) leads to atrophy of the stenotic kidney and compensatory enlargement of the contralateral kidney. Although the two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) model has been extensively used to model human RAS, the cellular responses in the stenotic and contralateral kidneys, particularly in the murine model, have received relatively little attention. We studied mice 2, 5, an...

Obesity is associated with increased risk for kidney disease and uric acid nephrolithiasis, but the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning these associations are incompletely understood. Animal experiments have suggested that renal lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity may play a role, but whether lipid accumulation occurs in humans with increasing body mass index (BMI) is unknown. The associ...

Male albino guinea-pigs of initial body-weight 250 g were used throughout. The experimental conditions, diet and dosing technique were those previously described (Evans & Hughes, 1963). Paired feeding between the normal and the ‘scorbutic’ groups was not practised, as the levels of ascorbic acid given daily (8 and 0.4 mg, respectively) have been shown to have no marked effect on food intake (Ev...

Nanoparticles are being investigated for numerous medical applications and are showing potential as an emerging class of carriers for drug delivery. Investigations on how the physicochemical properties (e.g., size, surface charge, shape, and density of targeting ligands) of nanoparticles enable their ability to overcome biological barriers and reach designated cellular destinations in sufficien...

BACKGROUND Kidney cancer's rising incidence is largely attributable to the increased detection of small renal masses. Although surgery rates have paralleled this incidence trend, mortality continues to rise, calling into question the necessity of surgery for all patients with renal masses. Using a population-based cohort, a competing risk analysis was performed to estimate patient survival afte...

PURPOSE To identify factors predictive of renal atrophy after chemoradiotherapy of gastrointestinal malignancies. METHODS AND MATERIALS Patients who received chemotherapy and abdominal radiotherapy (RT) between 2002 and 2008 were identified for this study evaluating change in kidney size and function after RT. Imaging and biochemical data were obtained before and after RT in 6-month intervals...

  Primary sarcomas of the kidney are exceptional. Among renal sarcomas, leiomyosarcoma is the most common histologic subtype amounting to 50-60% of all cases. The tumor usually arises from either the renal capsule or smooth muscle tissue in the renal pelvic wall. In this paper, we report a patient with leiomyosarcoma of the kidney presented with non-specific abdominal pain and a palpable mass....

Apolipoprotein M (Apo-M) is a human novel protein of apolipoprotein classes and highly expressed in liver and kidney tissues. ApoM is mainly associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and act as a chaperone for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), promotes mobilization of cellular cholesterol, formation of larger-size of pre β-HDL, and a new biomarker in sepsis. The level of apoM in plasma/s...

1. To determine whether variation in kidney morphology is associated with environmental aridity in South American hystricognaths, we used conventional and phylogenetic analysis (independent contrasts) to correlate mass-independent renal variables (kidney size; relative medullar thickness, RMT; medulla/cortex ratio, MC; inner medulla/ cortex ratio, MIC; relative medullar area, RMA) with environm...

The molecular size of poly I.poly C required for lysis of interferon-treated L cells was the same as the size required for induction of interferon in these cells. The size requirement for both interferon induction and toxicity for interferon-treated L cells resided in the poly I strand, while variations of the poly C strand size were without effect on interferon induction or cell lysis. The siz...