It is well known that some XML elements correspond to objects (in the sense of object-orientation) and others do not. The question we consider in this paper is what benefits we can derive from paying attention to such object semantics, particularly for the problem of keyword queries. Keyword queries against XML data have been studied extensively in recent years, with several lowest-common-ances...

in this study, it was intended to investigate the persian native speakers’ perception of gerunds by three different elicitation techniques i.e., written, audio, and pictorial through translation. eighty intermediate learners of english were asked to select persian translation of the gerund formsin these elicitation techniques. they were asked to choose one option from a pair of written first la...

Abstract This paper applies a new approach to the identification of discourses, based on Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), study discourse variation over time. The MCA keywords deals with major issue use identify discourses: allocation individual multiple discourses. Yet, as this demonstrates, also allows us observe in prevalence discourses texts patterns keyword co-occurrence. Metadata c...