The purpose of taxation is to raise revenue pay for public goods. question how tax mix affects the size underground economy one most important issues its application policy. However, empirical evidence on this subject limited and also somewhat ambiguous. Empirically, study specifically aims evaluate effect corporate rate net taxes product shadow growth in Nigeria during period 1996–2020. It emp...

This paper presents a new shadow detecting method for silhouette extraction of a person in gray-level video sequences. We use a shadow evaluator to verify each raw shadow pixel which was detected by Gaussian distribution analysis. The evaluator considers a raw shadow pixel initially to be a fake shadow pixel, and marks it as a silhouette pixel if it is enclosed or semienclosed by moving occlusi...

This paper presents a new shadow detecting method for silhouette extraction of a person in gray-level video sequences. We use a shadow evaluator to verify each raw shadow pixel which was detected by Gaussian distribution analysis. The evaluator considers a raw shadow pixel initially to be a fake shadow pixel, and marks it as a silhouette pixel if it is enclosed or semienclosed by moving occlusi...

Abstract. The article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within scientific discussion on relationship between shadow economic processes corruption schemes in country. main purpose of study is a retrospective current analysis publications anti-corruption economy at international level based SciVal VOSViewerv. urgency solving this problem to move from traditional review innovative appr...

Moving shadows need careful consideration in the development of robust dynamic scene analysis systems. Moving shadow detection is critical for accurate object detection in video streams, since shadow points are often misclassified as object points causing errors in segmentation and tracking. Many algorithms have been proposed in the literature that deal with shadows. However, a comparative eval...