In Arabic speech communities, there is a diglossic gap between written/formal Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and spoken/casual colloquial dialectal Arabic (DA): the common spoken language has no standard representation in written form, while the language observed in texts has limited occurrence in speech. Hence the task of developing language resources to describe and model DA speech involves ext...

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal rapidly progressive α-synucleinopathy, characterized by α-synuclein accumulation in oligodendrocytes. It is accepted that the pathological α-synuclein accumulation in the brain of MSA patients plays a leading role in the disease process, but little is known about the events in the early stages of the disease. In this study we aimed to define potential ro...

Meta-synthesis system approach (MSA) is proposed to tackle with open complex giant systems (OCGS) problems by Chinese system scientists since the late 1980s. Its essential idea can be simplified as from confident qualitative hypothesis to vigorous quantitative validation. To apply this approach, the synthesis of human expert opinions and emergent knowing, machines’ powerful computing capacity a...

In this work the effect of electrolytes on hydrate formation was investigated. To do so, a new model was used in predicting the hydrate formation conditions in presence of both single and mixed electrolyte solutions. The new model is based on the van der Waals - Platteeuw hydrate equation of state. In order to evaluate the values for the activity of water in electrolyte solutions t...

several elegant methodological features, including the use of clinically accepted diagnostic criteria, distinction between “possible” and “probable” diagnostic levels of certitude, systematic use of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) across diseases and probes of global vs. frontal cognitive function. These features allow inferences to be drawn about the impacts of disease sev...

in this study, a robust controller is designed for fuzzy network control systems (ncss) using the static output feedback. delay and data packet dropout affect on the stability of network control systems, and therefore, the asymptotic stability condition is established considering delay and data packet dropout. delay is time-varying while the lower and upper bounds for delay is defined, and the ...

This paper presents different slotted structures such as U-slot, half U-slot, half π-slot and π-slot to achieve the dual band characteristics of the antenna etched on a glass epoxy substrate (εr= 4.3) is suspended over the ground plane with an air gap for all slotted structures [1-2]. A comparative analysis has been made for the U and half U, π and half π designs are proposed by reducing area t...

INTRODUCTION The solid propellant industry has until recently used the MSA particle size analyzer for the analysis of superfine materials. Since MSA equipment is no longer manufactured and MSA test time is fairly lengthy in the superfine region, other methods were investigated by Atlantic Research Corporation. After investigating several instruments, it was decided that the Microtrac small part...

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an orphan, fatal, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder of uncertain etiology that is clinically characterized by various combinations of parkinsonism, cerebellar, autonomic, and motor dysfunction. MSA is an α-synucleinopathy with specific glioneuronal degeneration involving striatonigral, olivopontocerebellar, and autonomic nervous systems but also other parts...

BACKGROUND External anal sphincter (EAS) electromyography (EMG) abnormalities can distinguish multiple system atrophy (MSA) from Parkinson's disease in the first five years after disease onset. However, the prevalence of the abnormalities in the early stages of MSA is unknown. OBJECTIVES To present EAS-EMG data in the various stages of MSA. METHODS 84 patients with "probable" MSA were recru...