The objective of this study was to examine the association between β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and glucose, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and vitamin C concentrations in dairy healthy and with subclinical ketosis cows during an early lactation period. The blood from 99 healthy cows and 26 sub-clinically ketotic cows within the first two months of lactation was sampled. Serum concentration of BHBA ...

BACKGROUND Nutritional ketosis induced by the ketogenic diet (KD) has therapeutic applications for many disease states. We hypothesized that oral administration of exogenous ketone supplements could produce sustained nutritional ketosis (>0.5 mM) without carbohydrate restriction. METHODS We tested the effects of 28-day administration of five ketone supplements on blood glucose, ketones, and l...

Ketosis is a common metabolic disorder in high-producing dairy cows during the peripartal period. Negative energy balance leads to increased circulating levels of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and ?-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), consequently increasing risk ketosis. It well-known that NEFA BHB can induce lipotoxicity oxidative stress bovine tissues/organs including liver adipose tissue. Although ma...

Although the mechanism of action of the ketogenic diet (KD) remains unknown, ketones have been used as a marker of efficacy. Acetoacetate, acetone, and beta-hydroxybutyrate can be measured in urine, blood, and breath. The value of these measures is reviewed in this paper. Future brain measures hold promise as markers of efficacy, but research focused on the mechanisms of the KD should help to d...

In 1928 (1) and again in 1931 (2) evidence was presented indicating that fasting Eskimos show a lesser degree of ketosis than normal persons living in the temperate zone. The period of fasting in 1928 was of 72 hours duration; in 1931 in two subjects it was 96 hours, in two others, 115 hours. The results showed that some measure of ketosis developed in all subjects, but was only appreciable in ...

In previous studies from our laboratory a positive correlation between elevated blood ketone levels and the survival time (ST) during hypoxia (4-5% oxygen) was observed in fasted and alloxan diabetic mice. To test the hypothesis that ketosis was somehow increasing the tolerance of mice to hypoxia, we induced ketosis by either oral (PO), intraperitoneal (IP), or intravenous (IV) 1,3-butanediol (...

Specifically 14C-labeled mevalonic acids were administered to rats in diabetic ketosis, and the distribution of 14C was determined in the hydroxybutyric acid each rat excreted. Also, the distributions of 14C were determined in hydroxybutyric acid formed by slices of livers and kidneys from rats in diabetic ketosis and incubated with the specifically labeled mevalonic acids. The distributions fo...

Opposing evidence exists for the source of hydrogen ions (H+) during ketoacidosis. Organic and computational chemistry using dissociation constants alpha equations all pertinent ionizable metabolites were used to (1) document atomic changes in chemical reactions ketogenesis ketolysis (2) identify sources quantify added fractional (~) H+ exchange (~H+e). All computations performed pH conditions ...

the possible relationships between trace elements, oxidative stress and subclinical ketosis during the transition period were evaluated in dairy cows. blood samples were obtained by jugular venipuncture at four times of the transition period: 3 weeks and 1 week before and 1 week and 3 weeks after calving. the highest concentrations of malondialdehyde (mda) and betahydroxybutyrate (bhb) were obs...