Abbreviations CRPC Castration resistant prostate cancer PSA Prostate specific antigen ADT Androgen deprivation therapy DHT Dihydrotestosterone AR Androgen receptor DHEA Dehydroepiandrosterone AD Androstenedione HSP Heat shock protein IAP Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins PTEN Phosphatase and tensin homolog BTG1 B-Cell translocation gene 1 BCL2 B-Cell CLL/Lymphoma 2 IGF-1 Insulin like growth fact...

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) administered by intratracheal instillation is well documented to stimulate the proliferation of alveolar and bronchial cells. In the present study, intravenous KGF was also shown to stimulate the proliferation of alveolar and bronchial cells in mice and rats, although to a lesser degree than intratracheal KGF. Despite the decreased potency of intravenous KGF on ...

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a mitogen for pulmonary epithelial cells. Intratracheal administration of KGF to adult rats results in alveolar epithelial type II and bronchiolar epithelial cell proliferation. While cellular responses to KGF have been intensively studied, functional consequences regarding lung function are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we sought to investigate whether ...

Interleukin 7 (IL-7) was originally identified as a growth factor for B cell progenitors, and subsequently has been shown to exert proliferative effects on T cell progenitors and mature peripheral T cells as well. Constitutive IL-7 mRNA expression so far had been demonstrated in bone marrow stromal cell lines, thymus, spleen, and among nonlymphoid tissues in liver and kidney. Here we show that ...

Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) functions downstream of inflammatory cytokines to activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) as well as NF-kappaB in several cell types. However, the functional role of TAK1 in an in vivo setting has not been determined. Here we have demonstrated that TAK1 is the major regulator of skin inflammation as well as keratinocyte death in vivo. Epi...

Skin maintenance and healing after wounding requires complex epithelial-mesenchymal interactions purportedly mediated by growth factors and cytokines. We show here that, for wound healing, transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) in keratinocytes activates von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor expression, which in turn represses the expression of platelet-derived growth factor-B (...

PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to quantify the protective efficacy of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor (rHuKGF) in oral mucosa. METHODS AND MATERIALS Mouse tongue mucosal ulceration was analyzed as the clinically relevant end point. Fractionated irradiation of the snout with 5 daily fractions of 3 Gy was followed by graded test doses, given to a test area of the lower to...