Address for correspondence: Ioannis P. Stathopoulos, MD, MSc, Laboratory for the Research of Musculoskeletal System “Theodoros Garofalidis”, University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 10 Athinas Str., Kifissia, 14561, Athens, Greece, Tel.: +3

Kynurenic acid, an intermediate metabolite of L-kynurenine, is a competitive antagonist of inotropic excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors as well as a non competitive antagonist of 7 alpha nicotine cholinergic receptors and its involvement in memory deficit and cognition impairment has been suggested. Alterations of kynurenic acid metabolism in the brain after HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency vir...

Objective(s) Isoniazid (INH) is one of the main first line drugs used in treatment of tuberculosis and development of resistance against this compound can result in serious problems in treatment procedures. Resistance to INH is mediated mainly by mutation in KatG gene that is coded for the catalase enzyme. The proportional method for detection of INH-resistance is time consuming due to the slo...

Neisseria gonorrhoeae produces several antioxidant defenses, including high levels of catalase, which may facilitate the persistence during an inflammatory response via neutralization of H2O2 produced by phagocytes. In vivo testing of the role of catalase in gonococcal survival is critical since several physiological factors impact interactions between N. gonorrhoeae and polymorphonuclear leuko...

The covalent conjugation of large, functionalized molecules remains a frontier in synthetic chemistry, as it requires rapid, chemoselective reactions. The potassium acyltrifluoroborate (KAT)-hydroxylamine amide-forming ligation shows promise for conjugations of biomolecules under aqueous, acidic conditions, but the variants reported to date are not suited to ligations at micromolar concentratio...

BACKGROUND Kynurenic acid (KYNA) modulates the glutamatergic tone by controlling neuronal glutamate (GLU) release. The present study tested the potential of the KYNA precursor, kynurenine (KYN) to counter increased extracellular GLU associated with the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy accompanying acute liver failure (ALF). METHODS ALF was induced in adult rats by administration of a he...

Dzieje rewolucji węgierskiej 1956 r. są znane. Autor niniejszego artykułu spogląda jednak na te wydarzenia oczami drugiej strony. W tym celu oparł się nowych źródłach, mianowicie niedawno odkrytych i opublikowanych pamiętnikach generała NKWD Iwana Sierowa, okrutnego pacyfikatora Sierow był szefem najpierw „cywilnego” Komitetu Bezpieczeństwa Państwowego (KGB), a później wojskowego Głównego Zarzą...

Bilindiği üzere 2634 sayılı Turizm Teşvik Kanunu (“Kanun”) kapsamında kamu arazilerinin üst hakkı kurulması yoluyla özel hukuk işlemlerine tabi olmasının yolu açılmış bulunmaktadır. Bu yazıda ise Kanun’un 37. maddesinin (A) bendinin (2) numaralı alt vermiş olduğu yetkiyle T.C. Kültür ve Bakanlığı (“Bakanlık”) tarafından yayımlanan 1134 Tesislerinin Niteliklerine İlişkin Yönetmelik (“Yönetmelik”...

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain acid hydrolases that degrade cellular proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and oligosaccharides, and are important for cellular maintenance and protection against age-related decline. Lysosome related organelles (LROs) are specialized lysosomes found in organisms from humans to worms, and share many of the features of classic lysosomes. Defective...

Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a neuroactive metabolite of tryptophan, is elevated in the brain of patients with psychotic disorders. Therefore, lowering brain KYNA levels might be a novel approach in the treatment of psychotic disorders. The present in vivo electrophysiological study aimed to investigate the effect of an inhibitor of kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) II, the primary enzyme for KYNA sy...