Recent debate on records of southern midlatitude glaciation has focused on reconstructing glacier dynamics during the last glacial termination, with different results supporting both in-phase and out-of-phase correlations with Northern Hemisphere glacial signals. A continuing major weakness in this debate is the lack of robust data, particularly from the early and maximum phase of southern midl...

In the present work, systematic dating by luminescence methods has been done on 50 Quaternary geological samples within the study area of São Paulo State, Brazil. Bleaching experiments showed that residual TL intensity of 375 degrees C peak, of the quartz, was obtained after 10 h of sunlight exposition. Intensities decays of the 325 and 375 degrees C TL peaks can be fitted using second order ex...

Cosmogenic 3He and 10Be ages measured on surface boulders from the moraine sequence deposited by the northern outlet glacier of the Yellowstone ice cap indicate that the outlet glacier reached its terminal position at 16.5 6 0.4 3He ka and 16.2 6 0.3 10Be ka, respectively. Concordance of these ages supports the scaled production rates used for 3He (118.6 6 6.6 atoms · g21 · yr21) and 10Be (5.1 ...

Kainic acid (KA) is a known potent neuroexcitotoxin, although the biochemical mechanism producing its underlying neurotoxic effect is not quite clear. Histopathological examination of gerbil brains 24 h after systemic injection of KA revealed severe neuronal lesions in different regions of the brain, especially the cerebellar and hippocampal areas. We have detected free radical formation in the...

A sediment core taken from the western edge of the Bonneville Basin has provided high-resolution proxy records of relative lake-size change for the period 45.1e10.5 calendar ka (hereafter ka). Age control was provided by a paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV)-based age model for Blue Lake core BL04-4. Continuous records of d18O and total inorganic carbon (TIC) generally match an earlier lake-l...

The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize the receptors and ionic channels mediating the compound response of tectal neurons to exogenous L-glutamate (Glu). Particular attention was paid to the question of whether separate receptors and channels exist for quisqualate (QA) and kainate (KA) and, if so, whether binding to one of these receptors would modify the response elicite...

In this paper, we rst prove a convergence result on the Ka canov method for solving general nonlinear variational inequalities of the second kind. Then we apply the Ka canov method to solve a nonlinear variational inequality of the second kind arising in elastoplasticity. In addition to the convergence result, we show an a posteriori error estimate for the Ka canov iterates. In each step of the...

Knowledge acquisition is a large bottleneck in the construction of complex intelligent problem solvers. Unfortunately, the construction of effective KA tools to ease this process is also a bottleneck. In this paper we attempt to present some guidelines that can be used to determine whether one would do best to adopt a manual KA strategy, a computer-assisted KA strategy, or a completely automate...

Kainate (KA) receptor activation depresses stimulus-evoked gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA-mediated) synaptic transmission onto CA1 pyramidal cells of the hippocampus and simultaneously increases the frequency of spontaneous GABA release through an increase in interneuronal spiking. To determine whether these two effects are independent, we examined the mechanism by which KA receptor activation d...

PURPOSE Kainic acid (KA) has long been used in experimental animals to induce status epilepticus (SE). A mechanistic implication of this is the association between excitotoxicity and brain damage during or after SE. We evaluated KA-induced metabolic impairment and the potential mitigating effects of GYKI 52466 [1-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-5H-2,3-benzodiazepine] in superfused r...