Basolateral transport of the prototypical type I organic cation tetraethylammonium (TEA) by the Malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster was studied using measurements of basolateral membrane potential (V(bl)) and uptake of [(14)C]-labeled TEA. TEA uptake was metabolically dependent and saturable (maximal rate of mediated TEA uptake by all potential transport processes, reflecting the tota...

Effects of cations on dopamine (DA) uptake into cells expressing the human dopamine transporter and on inhibition of DA uptake by various substrates and inhibitors were investigated by using rotating disk electrode voltammetry. The Na(+) dependence of DA uptake varied with Na(+) substitutes, hyperbolic with Li(+), almost linear at 1 microM DA but hyperbolic at 8 microM DA with choline, and sigm...

This research was conducted to evaluate effects of mycorrhiza fungi and nano zinc oxide on agro physiological traits of wheat under salinity stress based on factorial experiment according complete randomized block design with three replications under greenhouse condition at 2014. Treatments included salinity in three levels [no-salt (S0) or control, salinity 40 (S1) and 80 (S2) mM NaCl], two le...

Two potassium (K(+))-uptake systems, Trk and Kdp, are operative in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but the environmental factors triggering their expression have not been determined. The current study has evaluated the expression of these genes in the Mtb wild-type and a trk-gene knockout strain at various stages of logarithmic growth in relation to extracellular K(+) concentrations and pH. I...

Inward-rectifying potassium (K+(in)) channels in guard cells have been suggested to provide a pathway for K+ uptake into guard cells during stomatal opening. To test the proposed role of guard cell K+(in) channels in light-induced stomatal opening, transgenic Arabidopsis plants were generated that expressed dominant negative point mutations in the K+(in) channel subunit KAT1. Patch-clamp analys...

The causes of central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction in uremia are not well known and are not completely reversed by dialysis. This problem was investigated in synaptosomes, which are membrane vesicles from synaptic junctions in the brain. We measured Na uptake under conditions of control, veratridine stimulation, and tetrodotoxin inhibition, in synaptosomes from normal and acutely uremic (bl...

A one-dimensional numerical model of potassium dynamics in the central nervous system is developed. The model incorporates the following physiological processes in computing spatial and temporal changes in extracellular K+ concentration, [K+]o: 1) the release of K+ from K+ sources into extracellular space, 2) diffusion of K+ through extracellular space, 3) active uptake of K+ into cells and blo...

Radiocesium accumulated in the soil by nuclear accidents is a major environmental concern. The transport process of cesium (Cs+) tightly linked to indispensable plant nutrient potassium (K+) as they both belong group I alkali metals with similar chemical properties. Most transporters that had been characterized date Cs+ are directly or indirectly K+. Using combinatorial approach physiology, gen...

Salinity stress is one of the most widespread soil problems next to drought, in rice growing areas. ReducingSodium (Na+), while maintaining Potassium (K+) uptake in rice are traits that would aid in salinity tolerance.Therefore, the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with those for Na+ and K+uptake, will enable breeders to use marker-assisted selection...

We examined interrelationships between crop load, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) uptake, and root growth in mature, alternate-bearing pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) trees. Pistachio trees bear heavy (on-year) and light (off-year) fruit crops in alternate years. Uptake and partitioning of N, P, and K among tree parts were determined during (a) spring flush (mid-March to late May),...