A general linear theory is presented which describes the extension of the convolutional method to nonstationary processes. This theory can apply any linear, nonstationary filter, with arbitrary time and frequency variation, in the time, Fourier, or mixed (time-frequency) domains. The filter application equations and the expressions to move the filter between domains are all ordinary Fourier tra...

A standard outlier-rejection scheme applied in Kalman filtering, based on the acceptance/rejection gate for measurement innovation, is discussed in this paper. The main idea behind this approach is based on assumptions that measurements can be "normal", as described in the measurement model and "abnormal" outliers that are generated by a totally different model. The goal of the acceptance/rejec...

Texture image analysis is one of the most important working realms of image processing in medical sciences and industry. Up to present, different approaches have been proposed for segmentation of texture images. In this paper, we offered unsupervised texture image segmentation based on Markov Random Field (MRF) model. First, we used Gabor filter with different parameters’ (frequency, orientatio...

texture image analysis is one of the most important working realms of image processing in medical sciences and industry. up to present, different approaches have been proposed for segmentation of texture images. in this paper, we offered unsupervised texture image segmentation based on markov random field (mrf) model. first, we used gabor filter with different parameters’ (frequency, orientatio...

Expression of voltage-gated K(+) (Kv) channel genes is regulated by polyamines in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6 line), and Kv channel activity is involved in the regulation of cell migration during early restitution by controlling membrane potential (E(m)) and cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](cyt)). This study tests the hypothesis that RhoA of small GTPases is a downstream target ...

Introduction: Bloom filters [1] are a space-efficient, probabilistic data structure for representing a list of elements (for example, a list of strings). A Bloom filter is an array of m bits. A string is mapped into a Bloom filter by inputting it to a group of k hash functions resulting in k array positions. Each indexed array position is set to 1. A string is tested for membership by inputting...

We have examined the voltage dependence of external TEA block of Shaker K(+) channels over a range of internal K(+) concentrations from 2 to 135 mM. We found that the concentration dependence of external TEA block in low internal K(+) solutions could not be described by a single TEA binding affinity. The deviation from a single TEA binding isotherm was increased at more depolarized membrane vol...

K(+) channels control transmembrane action potentials by gating open or closed in response to external stimuli. Inactivation gating, involving a conformational change at the K(+) selectivity filter, has recently been recognized as a major K(+) channel regulatory mechanism. In the K(+) channel hERG, inactivation controls the length of the human cardiac action potential. Mutations impairing hERG ...

Potassium channels are opened by ligands and/or membrane potential. In voltage-gated K+ channels and the prokaryotic KcsA channel, conduction is believed to result from opening of an intracellular constriction that prevents ion entry into the pore. On the other hand, numerous ligand-gated K+ channels lack such gate, suggesting that they may be activated by a change within the selectivity filter...