Lie judgment is an estimation of the speaker's intention to deceive inevitably accompanied by moral judgment. To depict their neural substrates, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Eighteen subjects read short stories and made judgments in three different tasks: a control gender judgment task, a moral judgment task, and a lie judgment task. Compared with the control task...

Reaching some form of consensus is often necessary for autonomous agents that want to coordinate their actions or otherwise engage in joint activities. One way to reach a consensus is by aggregating individual information, such as decisions, beliefs, preferences and constraints. Judgment aggregation is a social choice method, which generalises voting , that studies the aggregation of individual...

Judgment aggregation problems are language dependent in that they may be framed in different yet equivalent ways. We formalize this dependence via the notion of translation invariance, adopted from the philosophy of science, and we argue for its normative desirability. We show that in the canonical judgment aggregation model, no reasonable judgment aggregation functions are translation invarian...

postmodern thought has affected all area of humanities;however, its base is found in the philosophy of language, where theorists speakof judgment about signification and meaning; the critic is also seen as ajudge. in this article, we try to vet postmodern thought concerning judgmentfrom six various aspects, called judgments. despite the correctness of some ofits points, we are going to cast dou...

This paper reports on 2 studies that were conducted to develop and to evaluate a situational judgment test (SJT) for general aviation (GA) pilots. An initial 51-item test was constructed in which each item described an in-flight situation that required a decision on the part of the pilot and 4 alternative solutions to the situation. Subject matter experts were used to generate a scoring key fro...

in religious jurisprudence, exhaustive discussions have put forward about the effect of finding that the witness was disqualified at the time of giving of evidence and effect of losing of qualifications after giving of evidence and before rendering of judgment on the evidence that is got and the judgment that is rendered on basis of it and exist various opinions about some varieties in spite of...

Traditional theories of moral development emphasize the role of controlled cognition in mature moral judgment, while a more recent trend emphasizes intuitive and emotional processes. Here we test a dual-process theory synthesizing these perspectives. More specifically, our theory associates utilitarian moral judgment (approving of harmful actions that maximize good consequences) with controlled...

In response to recent work on the aggregation of individual judgments on logically connected propositions into collective judgments, it is often asked whether judgment aggregation is a special case of Arrowian preference aggregation. We argue the opposite. After proving a general impossibility result on judgment aggregation, we construct an embedding of preference aggregation into judgment aggr...