Price discovery function analyses the dynamics of futures and spot price behavior in an asset’s intertemporal dimensions. The present study examines bullion, metal, energy commodity prices through Granger causality Johansen–Juselius cointegration tests. test results show bidirectional between returns for gold, silver, aluminum, lead, nickel, zinc. Johansen shows that are long-run equilibrium pa...

Every year, analysts in the Health Care Financing Administration present figures on what our Nation spends for health. As the result of a comprehensive re-examination of the definitions, concepts, methods, and data sources used to prepare those figures, this year's report contains new estimates of national health expenditures for calendar years 1960 through 1988. Significant changes have been m...

Lisa Schwartz Longacre, PhD*; Robert A. Kloner, MD, PhD*†; Andrew E. Arai, MD; Christopher P. Baines, PhD; Roberto Bolli, MD; Eugene Braunwald, MD; James Downey, PhD; Raymond J. Gibbons, MD; Roberta A. Gottlieb, MD; Gerd Heusch, MD, PhD; Robert B. Jennings, MD; David J. Lefer, PhD; Robert M. Mentzer, MD; Elizabeth Murphy, PhD; Michel Ovize, MD, PhD; Peipei Ping, PhD; Karin Przyklenk, PhD; Micha...

This paper investigates the relationship between cigarette consumption per capita net disposable income, cigarette price index, and per capita expenditure for education. In this empirical analysis the Johansen cointegration test is applied in conjunction with the vector error correction model. Finally, the forecasting technique of cigarettes consumption in Greece using cointegration models is p...

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between consumer price index (CPI) and producer price index (PPI) in Malaysia. This research considers monthly data of consumer price index and producer price index from January 1986 to April 2007. The Johansen cointegration method suggests that there is long-run equilibrium relationship between these two variables. Both Engle Grange...

Anders Johansen and Didier Sornette 1 Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095 2 Department of Earth and Space Science University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095 3 Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée CNRS UMR6622 and Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis B.P. 71, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France e-mails:...