Mounting evidence supports the influence of the gut microbiome on the local enteric nervous system and its effects on brain chemistry and relevant behavior. Vagal afferents are involved in some of these effects. We previously showed that ingestion of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus (JB-1) caused extensive neurochemical changes in the brain and behavior that were abrogated by pri...

OBJECTIVE To determine the nutritional status and household resources of preschool children. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey. SETTING : Two informal settlement areas, Joe Slovo (JS) and JB Mafora (JBM) in Mangaung, near Bloemfontein, South Africa. SUBJECTS Preschool children (<72 months) of a randomly selected sample of households in JS (experimental) (n = 162) and JBM (control) (n = 186)...

Aberrantly active NF-jB complexes can contribute to tumorigenesis by regulating genes that promote the growth and survival of cancer cells. We have investigated NF-jB during the cell cycle and find that its ability to regulate the G1-phase expression of key proto-oncogenes is subject to regulation by the integrated activity of IjB kinase (IKK)a, IKKb, Akt and Chk1. The coordinated binding of NF...

Estradiol and progesterone induction of the LH surge in ovariectomized female rats requires concurrent activation of brain insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptors. The present study determined whether brain IGF1 receptor signaling is required for estrous cyclicity in gonadally intact female rats. A selective IGF1 receptor antagonist (JB-1) or vehicle was continuously administered into the...

Chemotaxis is the consequence of environmental factors engaging their receptors to initiate signaling cascades. However, the biochemical mechanisms controlling this phenomenon are not clear. We employed an in vitro modified Boyden 48-well chemotaxis migration system to characterize the role of signal transducers in type IV collagen (CIV) induced A2058 human melanoma cell migration. Using specif...

s and Proceedings Fowlkes JB, Gardner EA, Carson PL, Ivey JA, Rubin JM: "Acoustic Interruption of Ultrasound Contrast Agents for Blood Flow Evaluation", Procs., 39th Annual Conv. of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, San Francisco, CA, March 26-29, 1995. Rubin JM, Adler RS, Fowlkes JB, Spratt S, Pallister JE, Chen J-F, Carson PL (1995) Fractional Moving Blood Volume Estimation Us...

BACKGROUND Stress-related disorders involve systemic alterations, including disruption of the intestinal microbial community. Given the putative connections between the microbiota, immunity, neural function, and behaviour, we investigated the potential for microbe-induced gut-to-brain signalling to modulate the impact of stress on host behaviour and immunoregulation. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice...

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Biologie I, 8 Mikrobiologie, Großhaderner Str. 4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany 9 10 #Corresponding author: Dirk Schüler 11 e-mail: [email protected] 12 Tel: +4989218074502 13 Fax: +4989218074515 14 15 16 Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.00903-12 JB Accepts, published...