External fixation for the purpose of bony realignment has been in practice since the early 1900s and is widely used today. External fixators are primarily used for trauma but may also be used for deformity correction and arthrodesis, among other applications. The advantages of external fixation over open reduction and internal fixation and intramedullary nailing include simplicity of applicatio...

Complex fractures of phalangeal bones in the hand are difficult to treat. External fixation is an effective method of treatment particularly when internal fixation is not possible due to comminution and associated soft tissue injury. A variety of commercial fixators are available for the treatment of hand fractures. However, these fixators are costly and need a sufficient degree of expertise an...

OBJECTIVE To biomechanically test the properties of three different Universal Micro External Fixator (UMEX™) configurations with regard to their use in very small animals (<5kg) and compare the UMEX system to the widely used IMEX External Skeletal Fixation (SK™) system in terms of stiffness, space needed for pin placement and weight. METHODS Three different UMEX configurations (type Ia, type ...

OBJECTIVE To conduct a retrospective analysis on cases undergoing inspection of orthopedic damage, at an orthopedic emergency service in a teaching hospital, with the aim of evaluating patients with postoperative infection after conversion to internal osteosynthesis. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis covering the period from June 2012 to June 2013, on patients who underwent inspection...

In recent times, research into mandibular fracture has gained momentum from advances in scanning techniques, software/algorithm developments and improvements, numerical structural modeling using the finite-element method (FEM). this work, FEM is used to model a (using an inhomogeneous orthotropic jaw model) simulating effect of different bite tasks/forces on stability fixated fracture. Specific...

What can an observer’s eye movements reveal about how the observer interacts with and processes an information visualization? And conversely, how can these eye movements be used to make inferences about the effectiveness of the visualization and the design principles employed? With reference to previous research in eye tracking, psychology, and human-computer interaction, we discuss some eye fi...

BACKGROUND Implant malposition can produce unsatisfactory aesthetic results after breast augmentation. The goal of this article is to identify aspects of the preoperative surgical planning and intraoperative flap fixation that can prevent implant malposition. METHODS This study examined 36 patients who underwent primary dual plane breast augmentation through an inframammary incision between S...

Bone drilling is an essential part of many orthopaedic surgery procedures, including those for internal fixation and for attaching prosthetics. Estimation and control of bone drilling forces are critical to prevent drill breakthrough, excessive heat generation, and mechanical damage to the bone. This paper presents a 3D finite element (FE) model for prediction of thrust forces experienced durin...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare three staining methods including: Calcofluor white, Chromotrope and Quick Hot Gram chromotrope used in diagnosis of intestinal microsporidial spores. METHODS One hundred and seventy five stool specimens were collected from patients referred to Laboratory of Intestinal Protozoology at the School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences duri...

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effect of operative treatment and nonoperative treatment for elderly patients with Sanders II-III calcaneal fractures.The study consisted of 60 patients with Sanders II-III calcaneal fractures who were treated in our institution from January 2007 to April 2012. The clinical effect between the operative treatment group of 32 patients and the nono...