Since grass is very abundant on the Earth’s surface, it is an important element of natural 3D scenes. Real-time realistic rendering of grass has always been difficult due to the huge number of grass blades. Overcoming this geometric complexity usually requires many coarse approximations to provide interactive frame rates. However, the performance comes at the cost of poor lighting quality and l...

Grass pollen is the main cause of hay fever and allergic asthma in warm temperate climates during summer. The aim of this study was to determine the content of group 5 major allergens in pollen grains of agriculturally important grass species/cultivars. For each cultivar flowering dates and pollen production of cut anthers were observed in the field and in a climate chamber, respectively. An EL...

In this study, the toxicity of endosulfan sulfate, the primary degradation product of the insecticide endosulfan, was determined in three life stages of the grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio). After 96 h exposure to endosulfan sulfate, the grass shrimp adult LC50 was 0.86 microg/L (95% CI 0.56-1.31), the grass shrimp larvae LC50 was 1.64 microg/L (95% CI 1.09-2.47) and the grass shrimp embryo LC...

Grass’ formation is the very common defects for via etch process when using a BCl3/Cl2 as basic gases in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) system. Presence of grass can potentially degrade device performance due to poor metallization coverage. In this study we found that grass formation strongly depends on GaAs surface condition prior to etch. Any surface contaminants, such as photo resist re...

Soil pH may influence speciation and extractability of Pb, depending on type of vegetation in urban soil environments. We investigated the relationship between soil pH and Pb extractability at forest and turf grass sites in Baltimore, Maryland. Our two hypotheses were: (1) due to lower pH values in forest soils, more Pb will be in exchangeable forms in forested than in turfgrass soils and (2) d...

[1] A simplistic model of grass-shrub dynamics was used to investigate the role of grass demographic processes on grassland-shrubland dynamics when grasses are in competitive advantage over shrubs. The model suggests that a feedback between grass biomass and soil erosion may cause an abrupt transition to a shrubland state. The model explains how a simple change in either grass recruitment or gr...

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of season on intake by sheep as well as certain selected qualitative characteristics of Panicum maximum (cv Gatton) (Guinea grass) at the mature growing stage. The lower DM content of the spring and summer grass (41.6 and 40.2%) did not hamper DOMI (48.1 and 26.7 W/d), respectively. The N concentration of the spring and summer grass was...

specific local immunotherapy has been recently introduced as an alternative to classic subcutaneous immunotherapy in treatment of allergic rhinitis. in this study, the effects of sublingual immunotherapy (slit) on symptoms and medication score and skin prick test evaluation of patients with allergic rhinitis were investigated. in this placebo controlled trial, twenty four patients aged 5-18 yea...

Population studies of grass grub and black beetle have revealed simple patterns of population determination. Populations fluctuate in response to variations in soil moisture and temperature. The upper limit to population growth is set by density dependent factors (larval mortality of grass grub and variation in natality of black beetle). Parasites and predators appear to be generally unimportan...

Transforming growth factor1 (TGF1) is a potent regulatory cytokine with pleiotropic effects on the immune system. To examine the role of TGF1 in fish immunity, the full-length cDNA of grass carp TGF1 was isolated from grass carp spleen. The open reading frame of grass carp TGF1, 1134 bp in length, encodes a 377 amino acid protein. Tissue distribution study by RT-PCR showed TGF1 mRNA was predomi...