Eukaryotic genes generate multiple RNA transcript isoforms though alternative transcription, splicing, and polyadenylation. However, the relationship between human transcript diversity and protein production is complex as each isoform can be translated differently. We fractionated a polysome profile and reconstructed transcript isoforms from each fraction, which we term Transcript Isoforms in P...

BACKGROUND Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) is a polymorphic protein with two major isoforms whose role in tumorigenesis is currently controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS We characterized LMW-PTP genotype, isoform expression and activity in six different human breast cancer epithelial cell lines (ZR75, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231BO, MCF7, MDA-MB-231BO2, MDA-MB-435) and c...

Previous studies have shown that the UNC-45 protein of C. elegans is required for normal thick filament assembly, binds Hsp90 and the myosin head, and shows molecular chaperone activity. We report here that mice and humans each have two genes that are located on different chromosomes, encode distinct UNC-45-like protein isoforms, and are expressed either in multiple tissues or only in cardiac a...

A unique feature of the Toxoplasma gondii purine salvage pathway is the expression of two isoforms of the hypoxanthine-xanthine-guanine phosophoribosyltransferase (HXGPRT) of the parasite encoded by a single genetic locus. These isoforms differ in the presence or absence of a 49-amino acid insertion (which is specified by a single differentially spliced exon) but exhibit similar substrate speci...

OBJECTIVE Increased levels of lipoprotein(a) are a highly heritable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). The genetic determinants of lipoprotein(a) levels are mainly because of genetic variation in the apolipoprotein(a) gene (LPA). We have tested the association of a relatively common null allele of LPA with lipoprotein(a) levels and CAD risk in a large case-control cohort. We have al...

The Tip60 protein (isoform 2) is 513 amino acids long and its molecular weight is about 60 kDa. It was cloned and characterized in 1996 thanks to its interaction with the HIV-1 transactivator Tat protein. Isoform 1 produces a 546 amino acids long protein. Isoform 3 produces a 461 amino acids long protein. A novel isoform, Tip55, encodes a novel splicing variant corresponding to 103 amino acids ...

OBJECTIVE Cardiac energetics and performance depend on the expression level of the fast (alpha-) and slow (beta-) myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform. In ventricular tissue, the beta-MHC isoform predominates, whereas in atrial tissue a variable mixture of alpha- and beta-MHC is found. In several cardiac diseases, the slow isoform is upregulated; however, the functional implications of this transit...

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes viral double-stranded RNA. It stimulates pro-inflammatory cytokine and interferon production. Here we reported the expression of a novel isoform of TLR3 in human astrocyte cell lines whose message is generated by alternative splicing. The isoform represents the N-terminus of the protein. It lacks many of the leucine-rich repeat domains, the transmembrane d...

Considerable biological evidence has accumulated in support of nominating the Class I PI3Ks (phosphoinositide 3-kinases) as excellent targets for the development of novel pharmaceuticals to treat cancer and inflammatory disease. Although it remains a goal to deliver compounds with precise PI3K isoform selectivity in order to minimize safety risks, it is not yet certain that this approach will d...

BACKGROUND The KCNH2 gene encodes the Kv11.1 potassium channel that conducts the rapidly activating delayed rectifier current in the heart. The relative expression of the full-length Kv11.1a isoform and the C-terminally truncated Kv11.1a-USO isoform plays an important role in regulation of channel function. The formation of C-terminal isoforms is determined by competition between the splicing a...