Cars embed a steadily increasing number of Electric and Electronic Systems. The ISO 26262 defines a number of constraints, rules and requirements that the development of Automotive E/E Systems must obey in order to guaranty their Functional Safety. One of the means at hand to enhance the safety of these systems is to reinforce them with so-called Safety Mechanisms. The Standard discusses at len...

1 The work described in this paper was coordinated by the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions on behalf of the Department of Energy. Copyright 2001 IEEE. Published in the Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference On System Sciences, January 3-6, 2001, Maui, Hawaii. Abstract We examine the design of bid selection protocols and settlement rules in ancillary service m...

In this paper, local spark sintering of a ceramic-metal system (SiO₂-Sn) during microwave processing was examinedby means of synchrotron-radiation-computed tomography technology. From the reconstructed 3-D and cross-section images of the specimen, adensification process was observed below the melting point of Sn, and then the specimen came into a rapid densification stage. These results may be ...

The class of equilibrium gradient methods utilizes the opposition of two forces, at least one of which changes in magnitude with position, to separate and concentrate analytes. The drawback of many methods of this type is that the production of two opposing forces requires in comparison to standard methods, such as capillary electrophoresis, a relatively complex apparatus. In addition, for tech...

We have previously demonstrated up to 5 × 10(5)-fold enrichment of anionic analytes in a microchannel using a technique called bipolar electrode focusing (BEF). Here, we demonstrate that BEF can also be used to enrich a cationic fluorescent tracer. The important point is that chemical modification of the microchannel walls enables reversal of the electroosmotic flow (EOF), enabling cations, ins...

We propose and test stable algorithms for the reconstruction of the internal conductivity of a biological object using acousto-electric measurements. Namely, the conventional impedance tomography scheme is supplemented by scanning the object with acoustic waves that slightly perturb the conductivity and cause the change in the electric potential measured on the boundary of the object. These per...

Force-free magnetic fields, i.e. fields that are either parallel or antiparallel to the electric current, occur in the solar chromosphere and also have been used in certain magnetic confinement schemes in controlled thermonuclear fusion research. In this paper, we derive a general expression for force-free fields that decay resistively and are spatially periodic. The general expression that is ...

1 The work described in this paper was coordinated by the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions on behalf of the Department of Energy. Abstract We examine the design of bid selection protocols and settlement rules in ancillary service markets. Such markets are typically operated by an independent system operator (ISO) for competitive procurement of reserves that are needed to...