This paper proposes a real time Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) and Monitoring system for pilgrims road transport coming towards city of Makkah in Saudi Arabia based on Data Distribution Service (DDS). This service is a real time publish/subscribe middleware. Using this middleware approach, we are able to locate and track a huge number of mobile vehicles and identify pilgrims for an annual Isl...

BACKGROUND Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is a major key for effective TB program. Evaluation of delay in diagnosis of smear positive TB is needed to evaluation of TB program situation in each country. The aim of this study was to evaluate of diagnosis delay in smear positive tuberculosis patients in Islamic Republic of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross sectional study, all smea...

This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

During the Sassanid Empire in Persia (226-652 AD), there was a renaissance of humanistic sciences, including medicine, in the city of Gondi-Shapur. When the Islamic center of power moved to Baghdad in about 750 AD, physicians of Gondi-Shapur, including the dean of the medical school (a Nestorian Christian), gradually moved to Baghdad constructing hospitals and medical schools. Aided by the Pers...

This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

This article explains the level of economic freedom in Muslim countries through the theory of institutional path dependency. Islamic countries are generally not free and they have a poor record regarding property rights. To explain these realities we use the institutional history of Muslim countries. We define three steps: the Arab and Ottoman Empires when Islamic law was of great importance, E...

at present, faryomad is one of the valleys in mayami county from shahrood city that is situated at the eastern part of semnan province (iran). according to hamdolah mostofi, a historian, this city was the capital of jovein county at 8th hegira century (15th ad century). during ilkhanates dynasty, this city was highly credible for several reasons. name of this city has been implied in historical...

S. H. NASR, An annotated bibliography of Islamic science, with the collaboration of W. C. Chittick, Teheran, Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy (publication no. 1), 1975, vol. 1, pp. lxiv, 432, 1-9 in Persian [no price stated]. Dr. Nasr is the author of many original books and papers on medieval Islamic science. This comprehensive annotated bibliography is the first of five projected volume...

S. H. NASR, An annotated bibliography of Islamic science, with the collaboration of W. C. Chittick, Teheran, Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy (publication no. 1), 1975, vol. 1, pp. lxiv, 432, 1-9 in Persian [no price stated]. Dr. Nasr is the author of many original books and papers on medieval Islamic science. This comprehensive annotated bibliography is the first of five projected volume...